Abstract
Chronic lung disease of prematurity or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication of preterm birth. Nutrition may affect incidence and severity of BPD. In this context, the Section on Nutrition, Gastroenterology and Metabolism, the Pulmonary Section of the European Society for Paediatric Research (ESPR) and SPR have joined forces to review the current knowledge on nutritional issues related to BPD. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the clinical implications for nutritional practice. Nutrient deficiencies may influence pathogenesis of BPD. Adequate nutrition and growth can play a crucial role in the prevention of and recovery from BPD. Optimal nutrition strategy is an important principle, especially in the early postnatal period. As optimal energy intake in infants at risk of BPD or with evolving BPD is not yet defined, further research with well-designed studies on nutritional strategies for preterm infants with BPD is urgently needed.
Impact
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Based on current evidence it seems reasonable to recommend that BPD diagnosed infants should receive an energy supply ranging from 120 to 150 Kcal/kg/d.
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Exclusive MOM feed with adequate fortification should be encouraged as this is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of BPD.
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Suboptimal nutritional delivery is often seen in preterm infants with BPD compared to controls.
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Literature search performed in PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) and the Cochrane Library (http://www.cochranelibrary.com/) were performed by A.G. Each section was written by a separate author. Leif D. Nelin, Ana Sánchez, and Minesh Khashu provided important scientific contribution. Miguel Saenz de Pipaon drafted the manuscript. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript. The corresponding author attests that all listed authors meet authorship criteria and that no others meeting the criteria have been omitted. All the members of the ESPR Nutrition council members reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
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Saenz de Pipaon, M., Nelin, L.D., Gehred, A. et al. The role of nutritional interventions in the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease of prematurity. Pediatr Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03133-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03133-3
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