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    The rapid development of generative AI has brought about a paradigm shift in content creation, knowledge representation and communication. This Focus explores the new opportunities AI tools offer for science and society. Our authors also confront the numerous challenges intelligent machines pose and explore strategies to tackle them.

  • Pencils of many different colours

    Lack of diversity, equity and inclusion is harmful both for individual scientists and the scientific enterprise as a whole. The contributions in this collection highlight problems and propose solutions on how to make science more equitable, inclusive and diverse for the benefit of all.

Nature Human Behaviour is a Transformative Journal; authors can publish using the traditional publishing route OR via immediate gold Open Access.

Our Open Access option complies with funder and institutional requirements.

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  • This study examines individuals with autoimmune limbic encephalitis, a condition that impairs the hippocampus, to understand how they evaluate rewards and efforts in uncertain scenarios compared to healthy controls. The findings reveal that while patients with autoimmune limbic encephalitis retain their sensitivity to uncertainty, their capability to assess rewards and efforts is notably diminished when uncertainty is a factor.

    • Bahaaeddin Attaallah
    • Pierre Petitet
    • Masud Husain
    ArticleOpen Access
  • How is contagion affected by changes to network structure? Recent work has claimed a ‘weakness of long ties’ for complex contagions that rely on social reinforcement, unlike biological contagions. Eckles et al. substantially revise this conclusion.

    • Dean Eckles
    • Elchanan Mossel
    • Subhabrata Sen
    Article
  • In this Article, Ma et al. show, across a series of experiments, that time and memorability (the probability of recalling a visual stimulus) mutually influence one another, suggesting that time is a feature of visual processing that is intrinsic to perceptual experience.

    • Alex C. Ma
    • Ayana D. Cameron
    • Martin Wiener
    Article
  • The combination of general anaesthesia and neuroimaging holds unique potential for catalysing integrative and translational discovery about human brains and consciousness. By spanning molecular, cognitive and clinical neuroscience, anaesthesia provides a bridge from molecules to mind across species.

    • Andrea I. Luppi
    Comment
  • Researchers have a wide variety of choices when it comes to careers. Often, post-PhD, we leave academic research for industry. But it is also possible to transition back, when done carefully. In this how-to, I outline how to transition between industry and academic research and vice versa.

    • Cassandra L. Jacobs
    Comment
  • We all care about effect sizes. Yet, traditional ways of evaluating them (P < 0.05 and generic benchmarks) are failing us. We propose two paths forward: setting better, contextualized benchmarks or — more radically — letting go of benchmarks altogether. Both paths point to adjusted expectations, more detailed reporting and slow science.

    • Friedrich M. Götz
    • Samuel D. Gosling
    • Peter J. Rentfrow
    Comment
  • Large language models can generate sophisticated text or code with little input from a user, which has the potential to impoverish our own writing and thinking skills. We need to understand the effect of this technology on our cognition and to decide whether this is what we want.

    • Richard Heersmink
    Comment
  • Given the increasing sophistication of virtual reality systems in providing immersive nature experiences, there is the potential for analogous health benefits to those that arise from real nature experiences. We call for research to better understand the human–nature–technology interaction to overcome potential pitfalls of the technology and design tailored virtual experiences that can deliver health outcomes and wellbeing across society.

    • Violeta Berdejo-Espinola
    • Renee Zahnow
    • Richard A. Fuller
    Comment

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