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Using intracranial EEG in human participants, the authors identify a functionally distinct set of brain regions which exhibited characteristic signatures of decision formation independently of the motor action associated with the choice.
The authors document wide variation in information density and speed of communication across the world’s languages. They find that higher-density languages communicate information more quickly but with more sustained focus than lower-density languages.
Brus et al. show that modulation of slow oscillatory neural activity with non-invasive electrical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex can be used to modulate top-down control and behavioural performance in non-spatial attention.
The authors use several computational methods to investigate genetics signatures of assortative mating across behavioural and psychiatric traits, identifying signals for traits such as alcohol consumption traits, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder and Tourette syndrome, as well as complex interactions between assortative mating, socioeconomic status and participation bias.
Here Shoham and colleagues use deep learning algorithms to disentangle the contributions of visual, visual–semantic and semantic information in human face and object representations. Visual–semantic and semantic algorithms improve prediction of human representations.
A longitudinal study over 12 weeks used computational models on behavioural data from seven cognitive tasks while tracking participants’ mood, habits and activities to understand individual variability. The findings revealed that practice and emotional states significantly influenced various aspects of computational phenotypes, suggesting that apparent unreliability might actually uncover previously unnoticed patterns, supporting a dynamic perspective on cognitive diversity within individuals.
Using mobility data, the authors quantify usage patterns of so-called ‘15-minute cities’ and uncover a worrying trade-off: increased local usage correlates with higher experienced segregation for low-income residents.
This Article makes the case for moving motor learning research outside the lab. Tsay and colleagues show that a large-scale citizen science approach can replicate established findings, reconcile conflicting ideas and identify key demographic predictors of successful motor learning.
The study of personal ornaments worn by Ice Age European hunter-gatherers between 34,000 and 24,000 years ago identifies nine regional groups, which align with the known genetic diversity of that period.
Although action and motor imagery share similar population-wide neural responses in motor cortex, a subset of those responses exists in orthogonal action-unique and imagery-unique subspaces.
Spens and Burgess develop a computational model that shows how the hippocampus encodes episodic memories and replays them to train generative models of the world. Conceptual and sensory representations of experience can then be recombined for imagination and memory.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the evidence for transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural psychotherapy for the treatment of emotional disorders.
This collaborative realist review examines evidence for the use of remote measurement technologies for depression in young people, to inform future research and practice.
Using a unique high-quality dataset of 37,000 parent–offspring trios, the authors probe the mechanisms of the so-called indirect genetic effects on educational attainment. Surprisingly, they find that these effects cannot be explained by processes that operate exclusively within the nuclear family and instead are consistent with dynastic social effects.
Using experimental and archival data, Johnson and Proudfoot show that when an idea is novel, disagreement on how valuable it is grows. People may see the higher variability in value evaluation as a sign of risk and be less willing to invest in such an idea.
Monetary incentives were found to be more motivating than psychological interventions for individuals in the United States and the United Kingdom, compared with individuals in China, India, Mexico and South Africa. Among bilinguals on Facebook, money was more motivating in English compared with in Hindi.
The authors analyse over 12 million Australian job postings and find that since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an acceleration in the aggregate demand for interpersonal skills.
The authors conducted a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in an East Asian ancestry cohort, and a cross-ancestry meta-analysis with earlier genome-wide association studies from European ancestry populations, providing new insights into correlations and transferability between ancestries.
A genome-wide association study of the human hypothalamus discovers 23 unique loci and examines genetic associations with neuropsychiatric behaviours and disorders.