Table of contents
Volume 412 Number 6842 pp1-102
Opinion
Blessings of mixed neutrinos p1
The confirmation that neutrinos have mass and can switch identity is a triumph of careful experiment that opens doors for theoretical physicists. It is not a crisis for existing models, but a route to deeper ones.
doi:10.1038/35083704
News
Pentagon offers deal on nuclear weapons book p3
Irwin Goodwin
doi:10.1038/35083706
Los Alamos loses physics archive as preprint pioneer heads east p3
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/35083708
News
Imported stem cells deepen Germany's ethical divide p4
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/35083712
Quota offered as solution to gender imbalance p4
Katja Henssel
doi:10.1038/35083715
Naturejobs
Special ReportScience shops provide non-profit alternative p4
After years of decline, non-profit consultancies — science shops — are starting to reinvent themselves, says Alexander Hellemans.
Alexander Hellemans
News
Europe plots comeback in neutron science p5
David Adam
doi:10.1038/35083718
Gene screens for nuclear veterans p5
Peter Pockley
doi:10.1038/35083721
University reforms fail to quell fears of 'inbreeding' p6
Xavier Bosch
doi:10.1038/35083724
Utopian dream in tatters as Starlab crashes to Earth p6
Jim Giles
doi:10.1038/35083727
US blood ban underlines CJD fears p7
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/35083730
Hong Kong seeks secrets of Chinese medicine p7
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/35083732
news feature
'Which side are you on?' p10
Chinese-Americans form a cornerstone of the US scientific workforce. Yet recent developments have led some to question whether they are fully accepted by their colleagues. Josette Chen reports.
Josette Chen
doi:10.1038/35083739
Meet the Herod bug p12
A parasitic bacterium that uses an array of dastardly tricks to favour female hosts over males is holding evolutionary biologists in thrall. Jonathan Knight enters the strange world of Wolbachia.
Jonathan Knight
doi:10.1038/35083744
Correspondence
Identifying dangers in an uncertain climate p15
We need to research all the potential outcomes, not try to guess which is likeliest to occur.
Arnulf Grübler and Nebojsa Nakicenovic
doi:10.1038/35083752
Attention to bioweapons obscures the real threats p15
Sebestyén Gorka and Richard Sullivan
doi:10.1038/35083754
Book Reviews
Quest for the ancient fire-breathers p17
Those who pursued dinosaurs could be as fascinating as their discoveries.
Eric Buffetaut reviews Dragon Hunter: Roy Chapman Andrews and the Central Asiatic Expeditions by Charles Gallenkamp and The Dragon Seekers: How an Extraordinary Circle of Fossilists Discovered Dinosaurs and Paved the Way for Darwin by Christopher McGowan
doi:10.1038/35083633
Delving into the material world p18
Jacques Livage reviews The Coming of Materials Science by R. W. Cahn
doi:10.1038/35083638
Cajal made clear in translation p19
Edward G. Jones reviews Texture of the Nervous System of Man and Vertebrates: Volume II by Santiago Ramón y Cajal
doi:10.1038/35083642
words
What are clones? p21
They're not what you think they are.
Lee M. Silver
doi:10.1038/35083650
News and Views
Signs of galactic cannibalism p25
Theories predict that galaxies grow by swallowing smaller galaxies, which may then show up as galactic debris. Astronomers think they have found one such tell-tale structure in a nearby galaxy.
Amina Helmi
doi:10.1038/35083656
Biogeochemistry: The nitrogen fix p26
At some time in life's history, microorganisms started to make metabolically usable nitrogen from N2 in the atmosphere. A provocative proposal accounts for the 'why and when' of that event.
James F. Kasting and Janet L. Siefert
doi:10.1038/35083660
Apoptosis: DNA destroyers p27
Proteins with quite mundane functions in healthy cells often behave very differently during cell suicide. One protein normally involved in copying mitochondrial DNA actually degrades nuclear DNA in dying cells.
Michael O. Hengartner
doi:10.1038/35083663
High-energy physics: Neutrinos reveal split personalities p29
For more than 30 years scientists have puzzled over the mystery of the missing neutrinos emitted from the Sun. Data from underground detectors in Canada and Japan combine to provide the answer.
John N. Bahcall
doi:10.1038/35083665
100 and 50 years ago p30
doi:10.1038/35083667
Evolutionary biology: Searching for speciation genes p31
The formation of new animal species often results from divergence in male sexual behaviours and female preferences. The genetic basis of this sexual isolation in fruitflies is gradually being revealed.
Roger Butlin and Michael G. Ritchie
doi:10.1038/35083669
Quantum physics: Air juggling and other tricks p33
Quantum tunnelling breaks the rules of classical physics — and leads to ghost-like transfer of matter through barriers. Demonstrations of a new type of quantum tunnelling have the ghosts taking new liberties.
Eric J. Heller
doi:10.1038/35083672
Ecology: Price put on biodiversity p34
The greater the plant diversity in an ecosystem, the greater the ecosystem's productivity. A new analysis indicates that the higher productivity results from complementary patterns of species resource use.
Osvaldo E. Sala
doi:10.1038/35083676
Planetary science: Climate change on Venus p36
Earth's climate has changed significantly over the past several million years. New theoretical work suggests that the climate of our nearest neighbour, Venus, may have also changed on similar timescales.
Ronald G. Prinn
doi:10.1038/35083679
Daedalus: Learning to forget p37
David Jones
doi:10.1038/35083682
Obituary: Wang Ying-lai (1907–2001) p38
L. Ling-chi Wang
Brief Communications
Surrogate mother for endangered Cupressus p39
A rare cypress tree increases its chances by using a clever reproductive strategy.
Christian Pichot, Mohamed El Maâtaoui, Sabrina Raddi and Paolo Raddi
doi:10.1038/35083687
Pathogen reservoirs: Chironomid egg masses and Vibrio cholerae p40
Meir Broza and Malka Halpern
doi:10.1038/35083691
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (156K)
Carbon fixation: Photosynthesis in a marine diatom p40
Andrew M. Johnston, John A. Raven, John Beardall and Richard C. Leegood
doi:10.1038/35083694
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (156K)
reply: Carbon fixation: Photosynthesis in a marine diatom p41
John R. Reinfelder
doi:10.1038/35083696
Aerodynamics: Insects can halve wind-turbine power p41
Gustave P. Corten and Herman F. Veldkamp
doi:10.1038/35083698
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (170K)
correction: Thin solid films roll up into nanotubes p42
doi:10.1038/35083701
Article
Dopamine responses comply with basic assumptions of formal learning theory p43
Pascale Waelti, Anthony Dickinson and Wolfram Schultz
doi:10.1038/35083500
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (466K)
Letters to Nature
A giant stream of metal-rich stars in the halo of the galaxy M31 p49
Rodrigo Ibata, Michael Irwin, Geraint Lewis, Annette M. N. Ferguson and Nial Tanvir
doi:10.1038/35083506
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (740K)
See also: News and Views by Helmi
Dynamical tunnelling of ultracold atoms p52
W. K. Hensinger, H. Häffner, A. Browaeys, N. R. Heckenberg, K. Helmerson, C. McKenzie, G. J. Milburn, W. D. Phillips, S. L. Rolston, H. Rubinsztein-Dunlop and B. Upcroft
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (301K)
See also: News and Views by Heller
Quantum interference of superfluid 3He p55
R. W. Simmonds, A. Marchenkov, E. Hoskinson, J. C. Davis and R. E. Packard
doi:10.1038/35083518
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (194K)
Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in the d-band metal ZrZn2 p58
C. Pfleiderer, M. Uhlarz, S. M. Hayden, R. Vollmer, H. v. Löhneysen, N. R. Bernhoeft and G. G. Lonzarich
doi:10.1038/35083531
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (452K)
A possible nitrogen crisis for Archaean life due to reduced nitrogen fixation by lightning p61
Rafael Navarro-González, Christopher P. McKay and Delphine Nna Mvondo
doi:10.1038/35083537
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (176K)
See also: News and Views by Kasting & Siefert
Annual monsoon rains recorded by Jurassic dunes p64
David B. Loope, Clinton M. Rowe and R. Matthew Joeckel
doi:10.1038/35083554
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (291K) | Supplementary information
Morphological and ecological complexity in early eukaryotic ecosystems p66
Emmanuelle J. Javaux, Andrew H. Knoll and Malcolm R. Walter
doi:10.1038/35083562
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (312K)
The impact of ultraviolet radiation on the vertical distribution of zooplankton of the genus Daphnia p69
Stephan C. Rhode, Markus Pawlowski and Ralph Tollrian
doi:10.1038/35083567
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (639K)
Partitioning selection and complementarity in biodiversity experiments p72
Michel Loreau and Andy Hector
doi:10.1038/35083573
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,128K)
See also: News and Views by Sala
Cryptic evolution in a wild bird population p76
J. Merilä, L. E. B. Kruuk and B. C. Sheldon
doi:10.1038/35083580
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (168K)
Cortical remodelling induced by activity of ventral tegmental dopamine neurons p79
Shaowen Bao, Vincent T. Chan and Michael M. Merzenich
doi:10.1038/35083586
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (252K) | Supplementary information
The glyoxylate cycle is required for fungal virulence p83
Michael C. Lorenz and Gerald R. Fink
doi:10.1038/35083594
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (216K)
Insights into Wnt binding and signalling from the structures of two Frizzled cysteine-rich domains p86
Charles E. Dann, Jen-Chih Hsieh, Amir Rattner, Divya Sharma, Jeremy Nathans and Daniel J. Leahy
doi:10.1038/35083601
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (417K) | Supplementary information
Mitochondrial endonuclease G is important for apoptosis in C. elegans p90
Jay Parrish, Lily Li, Kristina Klotz, Duncan Ledwich, Xiaodong Wang and Ding Xue
doi:10.1038/35083608
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (245K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Hengartner
Endonuclease G is an apoptotic DNase when released from mitochondria p95
Lily Y. Li, Xu Luo and Xiaodong Wang
doi:10.1038/35083620
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (234K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Hengartner
correction: Timing of the Last Glacial Maximum from observed sea-level minima p99
Yusuke Yokoyama, Kurt Lambeck, Patrick De Deckker, Paul Johnston and l. Keith Fifield
doi:10.1038/35083629
correction: The role of interleukin-1 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer p99
Emad M. El-Omar, Mary Carrington, Wong-Ho Chow, Kenneth E. L. McColl, Jay H. Bream, Howard A. Young, Jesus Herrera, Jolanta Lissowska, Chiu-Chin Yuan, Nathaniel Rothman, George Lanyon, Maureen Martin, Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr and Charles S. Rabkin
doi:10.1038/35083631
New on the Market
The heat is on p101
Thermocycling and PCR in general are the themes for this week's selection.
doi:10.1038/35083645
