Table of contents
Volume 436 Number 7047 pp1-150
Editorials
Climate of distrust p1
Six months into President George W. Bush's second term of office, partisan politics continues to widen the gulf between researchers and the administration.
doi:10.1038/436001a
Rules of engagement p2
Biologists may soon have little option but to sign up to codes of conduct.
doi:10.1038/436002a
Playing the name game p2
Stem-cell biologists should not try to change the definition of the word 'embryo'.
doi:10.1038/436002b
News
Flu officials pull back from raising global alert level p6
Conflicting results from Vietnam cause concern.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/436006a
Climate change: is the US Congress bullying experts? p7
Climate chief Rajendra Pachauri responds to US demands for information.
doi:10.1038/436007a
Parasite infiltrates fruitfly research p8
Geneticists fear Drosophila results skewed by unnoticed bacterium.
Claire Ainsworth
doi:10.1038/436008a
Stem-cell 'heroes' celebrate a series of breakthroughs p9
With fresh initiatives and funding the future is bright, say researchers.
Erika Check
doi:10.1038/436009a
Sidelines p10
doi:10.1038/436010a
Scientists finally get their hands on Kennewick man p10
Bone studies and DNA tests will help determine the origins of the 9,000-year-old skeleton.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/436010b
US willing to pay for Russia's help in space p11
Anti-Iran legislation set to be loosened for fresh deal on space station services.
Tony Reichhardt
doi:10.1038/436011a
Genetic patent singles out Jewish women p12
European ruling on test for breast cancer gene slammed as discriminatory.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/436012a
News Features
Conservation biology: Is this any way to save a species? p14
Thanks to the influence of a powerful US senator, more than $120 million has been pumped into research on Alaska's endangered Steller sea lions in just four years. Rex Dalton asks what we've learned.
doi:10.1038/436014a
Neuroscience: Deep in thought p18
Electrodes implanted in the brain could transform the lives of psychiatric patients. Alison Abbott watched an operation to release a man from his obsessive thoughts.
doi:10.1038/436018a
See also: Editor's summary
Electronic notebooks: A new leaf p20
Record-keeping in the lab has stayed unchanged for hundreds of years, but today's experiments are putting huge pressure on the old ways. Declan Butler weighs up the pros and cons of electronic alternatives to that dog-eared notebook.
doi:10.1038/436020a
See also: Editor's summary
Business
Computer hardware: Silicon down to the wire p22
Microchip-makers are starting to look beyond silicon, and what they see, reports Colin Macilwain, is a semiconductor industry of a very different complexion — but not for some time yet.
doi:10.1038/436022a
In brief p23
doi:10.1038/436023a
Market watch p23
doi:10.1038/436023b
Correspondence
Call for openness about farm-animal experiments p24
Ian G. Colditz
doi:10.1038/436024a
Plagiarism criteria ignore the way research evolves p24
Bent Sørensen
doi:10.1038/436024b
Six-word rule could turn description into plagiarism p24
Beverly E. Barton
doi:10.1038/436024c
Penalties plus high-quality review to fight plagiarism p24
Klaus Wittmaack
doi:10.1038/436024d
Editor's note p24
doi:10.1038/436024e
Books and Arts
The race for the bomb p25
How close was Nazi Germany to developing atomic weapons?
Dieter Hoffmann reviews Hitlers Bombe: Die Geheime Geschichte der Deutschen Kernwaffenversuche by Rainer Karlsch
doi:10.1038/436025a
A happy gathering p26
Dylan Evans reviews Happiness: Lessons From a New Science by Richard Layard and Making Happy People: The Nature of Happiness and its Origins in Childhood by Paul Martin and Happiness: The Science Behind Your Smile by Daniel Nettle
doi:10.1038/436026a
Exhibition: Apollo in the lab p27
doi:10.1038/436027a
New in paperback p27
doi:10.1038/436027b
Essay
ConceptThe mental Universe p29
The only reality is mind and observations, but observations are not of things. To see the Universe as it really is, we must abandon our tendency to conceptualize observations as things.
Richard Conn Henry
doi:10.1038/436029a
News and Views
Neuroscience: A home for the nicotine habit p31
Nicotine is extremely addictive, but it can also improve cognitive performance. Attempts to unravel the complex pathways underlying these effects pinpoint a single type of receptor in just one brain region.
Julie A. Kauer
doi:10.1038/436031a
See also: Editor's summary
Solid-state physics: Doping the undopable p32
Impurities that increase the number of electron carriers are essential in most bulk semiconductors. Introducing such foreign atoms into semiconductor nanocrystals is fiddly, and requires exact knowledge of the material's surface.
Giulia Galli
doi:10.1038/436032a
See also: Editor's summary
Cancer biology: The weakest link? p33
Cellular lineages are defined by master regulatory proteins that dictate their fate and ensure their survival. The dependence on such factors of tumours that are resistant to treatment may prove to be their Achilles' heel.
Glenn Merlino
doi:10.1038/436033a
See also: Editor's summary
Conservation biology: Where slugs may safely graze p35
Grazing animals mow meadows to useful effect. From the results of experiments on newly established grassland, one such grazer, the little-considered slug, evidently has a big and beneficial influence on plant diversity.
Peter D. Moore
doi:10.1038/436035a
50 and 100 years ago p36
doi:10.1038/436036a
Nonlinear dynamics: When instability makes sense p36
Mathematical models that use instabilities to describe changes of weather patterns or spacecraft trajectories are well established. Could such principles apply to the sense of smell, and to other aspects of neural computation?
Peter Ashwin and Marc Timme
doi:10.1038/436036b
Correction p37
doi:10.1038/436037a
Brief Communications
Acoustics: The vocal tract and the sound of a didgeridoo p39
Acoustic measurements show how a player can extract a range of timbres from this primitive instrument.
Alex Tarnopolsky, Neville Fletcher, Lloyd Hollenberg, Benjamin Lange, John Smith and Joe Wolfe
doi:10.1038/43639a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (156K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Palaeoclimatology: The record for marine isotopic stage 11 p39
Dominique Raynaud, Jean-Marc Barnola, Roland Souchez, Reginald Lorrain, Jean-Robert Petit, Paul Duval and Vladimir Y. Lipenkov
doi:10.1038/43639b
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (257K)
Mars: News and Views
Mars: Twin studies on Mars p42
The twin Mars Exploration Rovers don't themselves range widely, but the observations they make do. Information on partial solar eclipses, salty rocks and magnetic dust are among the latest highlights of the rovers' findings.
David C. Catling
doi:10.1038/436042a
See also: Editor's summary
Mars: Analysis
Assessment of Mars Exploration Rover landing site predictions p44
M. P. Golombek, R. E. Arvidson, J. F. Bell, III, P. R. Christensen, J. A. Crisp, L. S. Crumpler, B. L. Ehlmann, R. L. Fergason, J. A. Grant, R. Greeley, A. F. C. Haldemann, D. M. Kass, T. J. Parker, J. T. Schofield, S. W. Squyres and R. W. Zurek
doi:10.1038/nature03600
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (279K)
See also: Editor's summary
Article
An integrated view of the chemistry and mineralogy of martian soils p49
Albert S. Yen, Ralf Gellert, Christian Schröder, Richard V. Morris, James F. Bell, III, Amy T. Knudson, Benton C. Clark, Douglas W. Ming, Joy A. Crisp, Raymond E. Arvidson, Diana Blaney, Johannes Brückner, Philip R. Christensen, David J. DesMarais, Paulo A. de Souza, Jr, Thanasis E. Economou, Amitabha Ghosh, Brian C. Hahn, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, Larry A. Haskin, Joel A. Hurowitz, Bradley L. Joliff, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Göstar Klingelhöfer, Morten Bo Madsen, Scott M. McLennan, Harry Y. McSween, Lutz Richter, Rudi Rieder, Daniel Rodionov, Larry Soderblom, Steven W. Squyres, Nicholas J. Tosca, Alian Wang, Michael Wyatt and Jutta Zipfel
doi:10.1038/nature03637
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (394K) | Supplementary information
Mars: Letters
Solar eclipses of Phobos and Deimos observed from the surface of Mars p55
J. F. Bell, III, M. T. Lemmon, T. C. Duxbury, M. Y. H. Hubbard, M. J. Wolff, S. W. Squyres, L. Craig and J. M. Ludwinski
doi:10.1038/nature03437
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (140K)
See also: Editor's summary
Aeolian processes at the Mars Exploration Rover Meridiani Planum landing site p58
R. Sullivan, D. Banfield, J. F. Bell, III, W. Calvin, D. Fike, M. Golombek, R. Greeley, J. Grotzinger, K. Herkenhoff, D. Jerolmack, M. Malin, D. Ming, L. A. Soderblom, S. W. Squyres, S. Thompson, W. A. Watters, C. M. Weitz and A. Yen
doi:10.1038/nature03641
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (307K)
See also: Editor's summary
Indication of drier periods on Mars from the chemistry and mineralogy of atmospheric dust p62
Walter Goetz, Preben Bertelsen, Charlotte S. Binau, Haraldur P. Gunnlaugsson, Stubbe F. Hviid, Kjartan M. Kinch, Daniel E. Madsen, Morten B. Madsen, Malte Olsen, Ralf Gellert, Göstar Klingelhöfer, Douglas W. Ming, Richard V. Morris, Rudolf Rieder, Daniel S. Rodionov, Paulo A. de Souza, Jr, Christian Schröder, Steve W. Squyres, Tom Wdowiak and Albert Yen
doi:10.1038/nature03807
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (170K)
See also: Editor's summary
Water alteration of rocks and soils on Mars at the Spirit rover site in Gusev crater p66
Larry A. Haskin, Alian Wang, Bradley L. Jolliff, Harry Y. McSween, Benton C. Clark, David J. Des Marais, Scott M. McLennan, Nicholas J. Tosca, Joel A. Hurowitz, Jack D. Farmer, Albert Yen, Steve W. Squyres, Raymond E. Arvidson, Göstar Klingelhöfer, Christian Schröder, Paulo A. de Souza, Jr, Douglas W. Ming, Ralf Gellert, Jutta Zipfel, Johannes Brückner, James F. Bell, III, Kenneth Herkenhoff, Phil R. Christensen, Steve Ruff, Diana Blaney, Steven Gorevan, Nathalie A. Cabrol, Larry Crumpler, John Grant and Lawrence Soderblom
doi:10.1038/nature03640
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (285K)
See also: Editor's summary
Articles
Dynamic predictive coding by the retina p71
Toshihiko Hosoya, Stephen A. Baccus and Markus Meister
doi:10.1038/nature03689
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (481K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Genome-wide analysis of human kinases in clathrin- and caveolae/raft-mediated endocytosis p78
Lucas Pelkmans, Eugenio Fava, Hannes Grabner, Michael Hannus, Bianca Habermann, Eberhard Krausz and Marino Zerial
doi:10.1038/nature03571
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,406K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Letters
Photon blockade in an optical cavity with one trapped atom p87
K. M. Birnbaum, A. Boca, R. Miller, A. D. Boozer, T. E. Northup and H. J. Kimble
doi:10.1038/nature03804
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (336K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Doping semiconductor nanocrystals p91
Steven C. Erwin, Lijun Zu, Michael I. Haftel, Alexander L. Efros, Thomas A. Kennedy and David J. Norris
doi:10.1038/nature03832
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (302K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Galli
Breaking of Henry's law for noble gas and CO2 solubility in silicate melt under pressure p95
Philippe Sarda and Bertrand Guillot
doi:10.1038/nature03636
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (220K) | Supplementary information
Generation time and temporal scaling of bird population dynamics p99
Bernt-Erik Sæther, Russell Lande, Steinar Engen, Henri Weimerskirch, Magnar Lillegård, Res Altwegg, Peter H. Becker, Thomas Bregnballe, Jon E. Brommer, Robin H. McCleery, Juha Merilä, Erik Nyholm, Wallace Rendell, Raleigh R. Robertson, Piotr Tryjanowski and Marcel E. Visser
doi:10.1038/nature03666
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (195K) | Supplementary information
Nicotine reinforcement and cognition restored by targeted expression of nicotinic receptors p103
U. Maskos, B. E. Molles, S. Pons, M. Besson, B. P. Guiard, J.-P. Guilloux, A. Evrard, P. Cazala, A. Cormier, M. Mameli-Engvall, N. Dufour, I. Cloëz-Tayarani, A.-P. Bemelmans, J. Mallet, A. M. Gardier, V. David, P. Faure, S. Granon and J.-P. Changeux
doi:10.1038/nature03694
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (349K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Kauer
ATP is a mediator of chemosensory transduction in the central nervous system p108
Alexander V. Gourine, Enrique Llaudet, Nicholas Dale and K. Michael Spyer
doi:10.1038/nature03690
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (492K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protects from severe acute lung failure p112
Yumiko Imai, Keiji Kuba, Shuan Rao, Yi Huan, Feng Guo, Bin Guan, Peng Yang, Renu Sarao, Teiji Wada, Howard Leong-Poi, Michael A. Crackower, Akiyoshi Fukamizu, Chi-Chung Hui, Lutz Hein, Stefan Uhlig, Arthur S. Slutsky, Chengyu Jiang and Josef M. Penninger
doi:10.1038/nature03712
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (587K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Integrative genomic analyses identify MITF as a lineage survival oncogene amplified in malignant melanoma p117
Levi A. Garraway, Hans R. Widlund, Mark A. Rubin, Gad Getz, Aaron J. Berger, Sridhar Ramaswamy, Rameen Beroukhim, Danny A. Milner, Scott R. Granter, Jinyan Du, Charles Lee, Stephan N. Wagner, Cheng Li, Todd R. Golub, David L. Rimm, Matthew L. Meyerson, David E. Fisher and William R. Sellers
doi:10.1038/nature03664
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (654K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Merlino
Rac1b and reactive oxygen species mediate MMP-3-induced EMT and genomic instability p123
Derek C. Radisky, Dinah D. Levy, Laurie E. Littlepage, Hong Liu, Celeste M. Nelson, Jimmie E. Fata, Devin Leake, Elizabeth L. Godden, Donna G. Albertson, M. Angela Nieto, Zena Werb and Mina J. Bissell
doi:10.1038/nature03688
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (430K) | Supplementary information
Kinase-regulated quantal assemblies and kiss-and-run recycling of caveolae p128
Lucas Pelkmans and Marino Zerial
doi:10.1038/nature03866
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (719K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Molecular basis of photoprotection and control of photosynthetic light-harvesting p134
Andrew A. Pascal, Zhenfeng Liu, Koen Broess, Bart van Oort, Herbert van Amerongen, Chao Wang, Peter Horton, Bruno Robert, Wenrui Chang and Alexander Ruban
doi:10.1038/nature03795
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (431K)
See also: Editor's summary
X-ray structure of a tetranucleosome and its implications for the chromatin fibre p138
Thomas Schalch, Sylwia Duda, David F. Sargent and Timothy J. Richmond
doi:10.1038/nature03686
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (492K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Naturejobs
ProspectThey'll see you now p143
Seeking feedback, whatever the setting, can help you plan for the next stage of your career.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7047-143a
Region
Golden opportunities p144
No longer rivals, Oxford, Cambridge and London are now working towards a common goal — ensuring the 'golden triangle' becomes a global science hub.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7047-144a
Spotlight
Spotlight on UK Golden Triangle
doi:10.1038/nj0073
