Table of contents
Volume 451 Number 7177 pp373-498
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Editorials
Fuel's paradise p373
The utopian urge to separate the world's nuclear-fuel cycles from national strategic ambitions has merit.
doi:10.1038/451373a
Competition and noise p373
Mitt Romney's pledge to plough $20 billion a year into energy research may signal an unseemly bidding war.
doi:10.1038/451373b
A little less Disneyland p374
DARPA should focus on its founding values.
doi:10.1038/451374a
News
How the world invests in R&D p378
The changing face of public and private funding.
Rachel Courtland
doi:10.1038/451378a
International genome project launched p378
Three-year study will capture variation in 1,000 people.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/451378b
Q&A: Larry Brilliant p379
He's a physician who has had a major role in the eradication of smallpox and in tackling blindness. Now Larry Brilliant is heading up Google.org, the dotcom giant's philanthropic arm, which plans to tackle emerging diseases, climate change and poverty. Declan Butler talks to him about his diseases strategy.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/451379a
Nuclear fuel: keeping it civil p380
In the third of a series of articles examining nuclear issues, Jeff Tollefson looks at options for fuelling a global boom in nuclear power stations without enabling nuclear proliferation.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/451380a
A very mysterious foundation p382
Shroud of secrecy surrounds innovation organization.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/451382a
Creationists launch 'science' journal p382
Research within a biblical framework to be peer reviewed.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/451382b
Huge crystal baffles chemists p383
Molecular cluster defies accurate analysis.
Katharine Sanderson
doi:10.1038/451383a
Cellular memory hints at the origins of intelligence p385
Slime mould displays remarkable rhythmic recall.
Philip Ball
doi:10.1038/451385a
Sidelines p385
Scribbles on the margins of science.
doi:10.1038/451385b
NIH in the dark over conflicts of interest p386
doi:10.1038/451386a
Ice runway knocks weeks off journey to Antarctica p386
doi:10.1038/451386b
Early-stage human embryos cloned from adult cells p386
doi:10.1038/451386c
UK government under pressure over physics cuts p386
doi:10.1038/451386d
European registry makes stem-cell use transparent p386
doi:10.1038/451386e
Government abandons bid to save US jaguars p386
doi:10.1038/451386f
Column
Shattered illusions p387
Last-minute cuts to the research budget have left US scientists nervous about future funding. David Goldston looks at what Congress and the president might do next.
David Goldston
doi:10.1038/451387a
News Features
Virology: The battle within p388
Viral and microbial interactions within living tissues are more complex than previously thought. Melinda Wenner explores whether a periodic table of the infectious could help sort out the mess.
doi:10.1038/451388a
Defence research: Still in the lead? p390
Half a century after its creation, the Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is considered a paragon of government innovation. But some question whether it is still relevant. Sharon Weinberger reports.
doi:10.1038/451390a
Correspondence
Venezuelan students are campaigning for freedom p395
Benjamin Scharifker
doi:10.1038/451395a
Independent institutes are being financially strangled p395
Name and address supplied.
doi:10.1038/451395b
Government control has weakened universities p395
Orlando Albornoz
doi:10.1038/451395c
Social sciences worst off as projects remain unfunded p395
Jaime Requena
doi:10.1038/451395d
Grants awarded on the basis of political criteria p395
Klaus Jaffe
doi:10.1038/451395e
Commentary
A tale of two citations p397
Are scientists publishing more duplicate papers? An automated search of seven million biomedical abstracts suggests that they are, report Mounir Errami and Harold Garner.
doi:10.1038/451397a
Full Text | PDF (449K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Books and Arts
Book: Behind the scenes p400
A Natural History Museum researcher unlocks its cluttered store rooms to expose an extraordinary past.
Henry Nicholls reviews Dry Store Room No. 1: The Secret Life of the Natural History Museum by Richard Fortey
doi:10.1038/451400a
Book: Networking knowledge p401
Richard Akerman reviews Scholarship in the Digital Age: Information, Infrastructure and the Internet by Christine L. Borgman
doi:10.1038/451401a
Book: Parallel lives p401
Joanne Baker reviews The Open Laboratory 2007: the Best Science Writing on Blogs by Reed Cartwright and Things the Grandchildren Should Know by Mark Oliver Everett
doi:10.1038/451401b
Film: Science at Sundance p402
Emma Marris reviews the Sundance Film Festival
doi:10.1038/451402a
Preview: Revealing reptiles p402
Ed Yong reviews Life in Cold Blood television series written and presented by David Attenborough
doi:10.1038/451402b
Essay
How the change agent has changed p403
As the US military's research arm turns fifty — and other branches of government seek to adopt its famously nimble approach — a former director reflects on what worked and what didn't.
Charles Herzfeld
doi:10.1038/451403a
See also: Editor's summary
News and Views
Carbon cycle: Harvest of the century p405
A century-long record of levels of inorganic carbon in the Mississippi, extracted from the water-treatment plants of New Orleans, documents the changes wrought by shifting agricultural practices in the river's basin.
Emilio Mayorga
doi:10.1038/451405a
See also: Editor's summary
HIV/AIDS: Virus kept on a leash p406
Without its Vpu protein, the AIDS-associated virus HIV-1 becomes stuck to the surface of the human cell in which it has replicated. The mysterious factor that tethers HIV-1 is probably a cell-membrane protein.
Heinrich G. Göttlinger
doi:10.1038/nature06364
See also: Editor's summary
50 & 100 Years Ago p407
doi:10.1038/451407a
Materials science: Lilliputian light sticks p408
Building two different fluorescing dyes into a composite organic nanocrystal makes a tunable light generator. At just the right dye proportions, a low-cost, highly efficient source of white light is the result.
Melissa Fardy & Peidong Yang
doi:10.1038/451408a
Planetary science: Under Jupiter's pulsing skin p409
Fast jet streams blow along the hallmark coloured bands that engirdle Jupiter's surface. By observing how storms erupt in these jet streams and disturb them, we can penetrate deeper into what lies beneath.
Kunio M. Sayanagi
doi:10.1038/451409a
See also: Editor's summary
Materials science: Designer pores made easy p410
Imagine being able to tweak the properties of a compound simply by replacing a molecular 'cartridge' with a different one. Just such a capability has been developed in a new class of porous crystalline materials.
Michael J. Zaworotko
doi:10.1038/451410a
Genomics: Fighting fire with fire p412
Mobile genetic elements called transposons could cause havoc in the genome if left unregulated. Of the various cellular defence strategies used to preserve genome integrity, one involves exploiting transposons themselves.
Daniel F. Voytas
doi:10.1038/451412a
See also: Editor's summary
Optics: Against the spread of the light p413
Light that propagates without spreading or diffracting sounds like a theorist's pipedream. But it is a very real proposition, and could be used to illuminate some profound aspects of wave–particle duality.
Kishan Dholakia
doi:10.1038/451413a
News and Views Q&A
Molecular biology: The expanding world of small RNAs p414
Molecular cell biology has long been dominated by a protein-centric view. But the emergence of small, non-coding RNAs challenges this perception. These plentiful RNAs regulate gene expression at different levels, and have essential roles in health and disease.
Helge Gro
hans
&
Witold Filipowicz
doi:10.1038/451414a
See also: Editor's summary
Review
Catalytic C–H functionalization by metal carbenoid and nitrenoid insertion p417
Huw M. L. Davies & James R. Manning
doi:10.1038/nature06485
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (495K)
See also: Editor's summary
Articles
Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu p425
Stuart J. D. Neil, Trinity Zang & Paul D. Bieniasz
doi:10.1038/nature06553
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,239K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Göttlinger
Host genome surveillance for retrotransposons by transposon-derived proteins p431
Hugh P. Cam, Ken-ichi Noma, Hirotaka Ebina, Henry L. Levin & Shiv I. S. Grewal
doi:10.1038/nature06499
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,006K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Voytas
Letters
Depth of a strong jovian jet from a planetary-scale disturbance driven by storms p437
A. Sánchez-Lavega, G. S. Orton, R. Hueso, E. García-Melendo, S. Pérez-Hoyos, A. Simon-Miller, J. F. Rojas, J. M. Gómez, P. Yanamandra-Fisher, L. Fletcher, J. Joels, J. Kemerer, J. Hora, E. Karkoschka, I. de Pater, M. H. Wong, P. S. Marcus, N. Pinilla-Alonso, F. Carvalho, C. Go, D. Parker, M. Salway, M. Valimberti, A. Wesley & Z. Pujic
doi:10.1038/nature06533
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (731K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Sayanagi
Optical pumping of a single hole spin in a quantum dot p441
Brian D. Gerardot, Daniel Brunner, Paul A. Dalgarno, Patrik Öhberg, Stefan Seidl, Martin Kroner, Khaled Karrai, Nick G. Stoltz, Pierre M. Petroff & Richard J. Warburton
doi:10.1038/nature06472
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (422K) | Supplementary information
Emergent reduction of electronic state dimensionality in dense ordered Li-Be alloys p445
Ji Feng, Richard G. Hennig, N. W. Ashcroft & Roald Hoffmann
doi:10.1038/nature06442
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (463K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Anthropogenically enhanced fluxes of water and carbon from the Mississippi River p449
Peter A. Raymond, Neung-Hwan Oh, R. Eugene Turner & Whitney Broussard
doi:10.1038/nature06505
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (313K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Mayorga
Deformation and rupture of the oceanic crust may control growth of Hawaiian volcanoes p453
Jean-Luc Got, Vadim Monteiller, Julien Monteux, Riad Hassani & Paul Okubo
doi:10.1038/nature06481
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,081K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Clusters of ant colonies and robust criticality in a tropical agroecosystem p457
John Vandermeer, Ivette Perfecto & Stacy M. Philpott
doi:10.1038/nature06477
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (513K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Histone H2AX-dependent GABAA receptor regulation of stem cell proliferation p460
Michael Andäng, Jens Hjerling-Leffler, Annalena Moliner, T. Kalle Lundgren, Gonçalo Castelo-Branco, Evanthia Nanou, Ester Pozas, Vitezslav Bryja, Sophie Halliez, Hiroshi Nishimaru, Johannes Wilbertz, Ernest Arenas, Martin Koltzenburg, Patrick Charnay, Abdeljabbar El Manira, Carlos F. Ibañez & Patrik Ernfors
doi:10.1038/nature06488
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (988K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Dscam and Sidekick proteins direct lamina-specific synaptic connections in vertebrate retina p465
Masahito Yamagata & Joshua R. Sanes
doi:10.1038/nature06469
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (2,144K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Neurite arborization and mosaic spacing in the mouse retina require DSCAM p470
Peter G. Fuerst, Amane Koizumi, Richard H. Masland & Robert W. Burgess
doi:10.1038/nature06514
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,908K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Coordinated regulation of Arabidopsisthaliana development by light and gibberellins p475
Suhua Feng, Cristina Martinez, Giuliana Gusmaroli, Yu Wang, Junli Zhou, Feng Wang, Liying Chen, Lu Yu, Juan M. Iglesias-Pedraz, Stefan Kircher, Eberhard Schäfer, Xiangdong Fu, Liu-Min Fan & Xing Wang Deng
doi:10.1038/nature06448
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (2,067K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
A molecular framework for light and gibberellin control of cell elongation p480
Miguel de Lucas, Jean-Michel Davière, Mariana Rodríguez-Falcón, Mariela Pontin, Juan Manuel Iglesias-Pedraz, Séverine Lorrain, Christian Fankhauser, Miguel Angel Blázquez, Elena Titarenko & Salomé Prat
doi:10.1038/nature06520
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (570K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Distinct roles of the FliI ATPase and proton motive force in bacterial flagellar protein export p485
Tohru Minamino & Keiichi Namba
doi:10.1038/nature06449
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (479K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Energy source of flagellar type III secretion p489
Koushik Paul, Marc Erhardt, Takanori Hirano, David F. Blair & Kelly T. Hughes
doi:10.1038/nature06497
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (453K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Naturejobs
ProspectProspects p493
More countires are opening their doors to scientific immigration.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7177-493a
Region
Argentina's pivotal moment p494
Rebuffing a troubled economic and political past, Argentina is trying to get on the science map with a new science ministry and attempts to retain young talent. Paul Smaglik reports.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7177-494a
