Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine provides cardiologists with authoritative and timely interpretations of key developments in the field, translating the latest findings into clinical practice. http://www.nature.com/ncpcardio/current_issue/ Nature Publishing Group en © 2008 Nature Publishing Group Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 1743-4297 1743-4300 © 2008 Nature Publishing Group permissions@nature.com Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine http://www.nature.com/includes/rj_globnavimages/ncpcardio_logo.gif http://www.nature.com/ncpcardio/ Time to welcome the elderly into clinical trials http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1387 Time to welcome the elderly into clinical trials

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 673 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1387

Authors: Michael E Farkouh & Valentin Fuster

]]> Time to welcome the elderly into clinical trials Michael E Farkouh Valentin Fuster doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1387 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 673 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Editorial 673 673 Intensive glycemic control in diabetics reduces microvascular complications http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1332 Intensive glycemic control in diabetics reduces microvascular complications

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 674 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1332

]]> Intensive glycemic control in diabetics reduces microvascular complications doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1332 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 674 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 674 674 Aspiration of infarct-related arterial thrombi before PCI improves long-term outcomes http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1333 Aspiration of infarct-related arterial thrombi before PCI improves long-term outcomes

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 674 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1333

]]> Aspiration of infarct-related arterial thrombi before PCI improves long-term outcomes doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1333 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 674 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 674 674 Noninvasive ventilation improves symptoms of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1334 Noninvasive ventilation improves symptoms of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 674 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1334

]]> Noninvasive ventilation improves symptoms of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1334 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 674 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 674 675 Robotic catheter ablation safely eliminates atrial arrhythmia in humans http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1336 Robotic catheter ablation safely eliminates atrial arrhythmia in humans

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 675 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1336

]]> Robotic catheter ablation safely eliminates atrial arrhythmia in humans doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1336 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 675 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 675 675 Lipoprotein(a) levels do not predict cardiovascular disease in women taking HRT http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1338 Lipoprotein(a) levels do not predict cardiovascular disease in women taking HRT

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 675 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1338

]]> Lipoprotein(a) levels do not predict cardiovascular disease in women taking HRT doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1338 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 675 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 675 676 High prevalence of endomyocardial fibrosis in rural Mozambique http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1337 High prevalence of endomyocardial fibrosis in rural Mozambique

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 676 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1337

]]> High prevalence of endomyocardial fibrosis in rural Mozambique doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1337 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 676 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 676 676 Obstructive sleep apnea might trigger myocardial infarction http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1339 Obstructive sleep apnea might trigger myocardial infarction

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 676 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1339

]]> Obstructive sleep apnea might trigger myocardial infarction doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1339 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 676 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 676 676 ARIES and EARLY: ambrisentan and bosentan effective in WHO class I and II PAH http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1335 ARIES and EARLY: ambrisentan and bosentan effective in WHO class I and II PAH

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 677 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1335

]]> ARIES and EARLY: ambrisentan and bosentan effective in WHO class I and II PAH doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1335 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 677 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5 11 Research Highlights 677 677 Implications of the universal definition of myocardial infarction http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1329 Implications of the universal definition of myocardial infarction

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 678 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1329

Authors: Joseph S Alpert, Kristian Thygesen, Harvey D White & Allan S Jaffe

]]> Implications of the universal definition of myocardial infarction Joseph S Alpert Kristian Thygesen Harvey D White Allan S Jaffe doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1329 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 678 (2008) 2008-09-09 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-09 5 11 Clinical Advance 678 679 Risk stratification in acute decompensated heart failure: the role of cardiac troponin http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1342 Risk stratification in acute decompensated heart failure: the role of cardiac troponin

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 680 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1342

Author: Christian Mueller

]]> Risk stratification in acute decompensated heart failure: the role of cardiac troponin Christian Mueller doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1342 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 680 (2008) 2008-09-09 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-09 5 11 Clinical Advance 680 681 Diabetes as a 'cardiovascular disease equivalent': implications for treatment http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1344 Diabetes as a 'cardiovascular disease equivalent': implications for treatment

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 682 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1344

Author: Markku Laakso

]]> Diabetes as a 'cardiovascular disease equivalent': implications for treatment Markku Laakso doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1344 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 682 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-16 5 11 Clinical Advance 682 683 Hormone replacement therapy and thrombotic risk: beauty is only skin deep http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1346 Hormone replacement therapy and thrombotic risk: beauty is only skin deep

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 684 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1346

Author: Frits R Rosendaal

]]> Hormone replacement therapy and thrombotic risk: beauty is only skin deep Frits R Rosendaal doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1346 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 684 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-16 5 11 Clinical Advance 684 685 Can functional performance be used as a simple prognostic indicator in peripheral arterial disease? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1341 Can functional performance be used as a simple prognostic indicator in peripheral arterial disease?

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 686 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1341

Author: Jeffrey W Olin

]]> Can functional performance be used as a simple prognostic indicator in peripheral arterial disease? Jeffrey W Olin doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1341 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 686 (2008) 2008-09-09 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-09 5 11 Clinical Advance 686 687 In the era of multislice CT, do we still need leg ultrasonography to diagnose pulmonary embolism? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1345 In the era of multislice CT, do we still need leg ultrasonography to diagnose pulmonary embolism?

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 688 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1345

Authors: Paul D Stein, Lawrence R Goodman & H Dirk Sostman

]]> In the era of multislice CT, do we still need leg ultrasonography to diagnose pulmonary embolism? Paul D Stein Lawrence R Goodman H Dirk Sostman doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1345 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 688 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-16 5 11 Clinical Advance 688 689 Public access defibrillation: advances from Japan http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1330 In this opinion piece, Hideo Mitamura presents some of the new strategies that are increasing the use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) by lay persons in Japan. Professor Mitamura hopes that, if other countries follow in adopting initiatives such as internet-based maps showing the location of public-access AEDs, the lives of many who suffer an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest will be saved. Public access defibrillation: advances from Japan

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 690 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1330

Author: Hideo Mitamura

]]> Public access defibrillation: advances from Japan Hideo Mitamura doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1330 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 690 (2008) 2008-09-09 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-09 5 11 Viewpoint 690 692 Fulminant myocarditis http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1331 Patients with fulminant myocarditis present with acute-onset, severe heart failure and are often in cardiogenic shock. However, if patients are quickly diagnosed and given aggressive treatment, most will make a full recovery. Gupta et al. highlight the importance of early recognition of fulminant myocarditis and provide a comprehensive review of its epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, methods of diagnosis, management, and prognosis. Fulminant myocarditis

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 693 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1331

Authors: Sachin Gupta, David W Markham, Mark H Drazner & Pradeep PA Mammen

]]> Fulminant myocarditis Sachin Gupta David W Markham Mark H Drazner Pradeep PA Mammen doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1331 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 693 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-16 5 11 Review 693 706 A European perspective on improving acute systems of care in STEMI: we know what to do, but how can we do it? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1343 Although optimum treatment for patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction has been established through randomized clinical trials, the majority of patients do not receive all the guideline-recommended therapies promptly. In this Review, Keith Fox and Kurt Huber present a European perspective on the disparities between the evidence base and clinical practice in the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and propose that an integrated network of care, aimed at minimizing delays between symptom onset and treatment, is essential to improving outcomes among these patients. A European perspective on improving acute systems of care in STEMI: we know what to do, but how can we do it?

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 708 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1343

Authors: Keith A A Fox & Kurt Huber

]]> A European perspective on improving acute systems of care in STEMI: we know what to do, but how can we do it? Keith A A Fox Kurt Huber doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1343 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 708 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-16 5 11 Review 708 714 Interplay between impaired calcium regulation and insulin signaling abnormalities in diabetic cardiomyopathy http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1347 The existence of diabetic cardiomyopathy has been debated; however, substantial data now demonstrate that diabetes impairs ventricular function independent of other risk factors. Here Lebeche et al. examine the hypothesis that impaired calcium regulation and insulin signaling contribute to the detrimental effect of diabetes on cardiomyocyte function. How these two abnormalities interact to induce cardiac dysfunction is also investigated. Interplay between impaired calcium regulation and insulin signaling abnormalities in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 715 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1347

Authors: Djamel Lebeche, Amy J Davidoff & Roger J Hajjar

]]> Interplay between impaired calcium regulation and insulin signaling abnormalities in diabetic cardiomyopathy Djamel Lebeche Amy J Davidoff Roger J Hajjar doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1347 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 715 (2008) 2008-09-23 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-23 5 11 Review 715 724 A case of cardiogenic shock caused by capecitabine treatment http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1352 Several chemotherapeutic agents, including newer drugs, can have toxic cardiac effects. In this month's Case Study, To and colleagues present their patient who had capecitabine-induced cardiogenic shock. They examine the best course of action for this serious complication of chemotherapy. A case of cardiogenic shock caused by capecitabine treatment

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 725 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1352

Authors: Andrew CY To, Khang Li Looi, Dragan Damianovich, Graeme B Taylor, David Sidebotham & Harvey D White

]]> A case of cardiogenic shock caused by capecitabine treatment Andrew CY To Khang Li Looi Dragan Damianovich Graeme B Taylor David Sidebotham Harvey D White doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1352 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 725 (2008) 2008-09-23 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-23 5 11 Case Study 725 729 APOA5 genetic variants are markers for classic hyperlipoproteinemia phenotypes and hypertriglyceridemia http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1326 Several known candidate gene variants are useful markers for diagnosing hyperlipoproteinemia. In this paper the authors evaluate the association of two common APOA5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms across the range of classic hyperlipoproteinemia phenotypes. Their data shows that a high proportion of patients with four classic hyperlipoproteinemia phenotypes are carriers of either the APOA5 S19W or −1131T>C variant or both. The authors conclude that these two variants are robust genetic biomarkers of a range of clinical hyperlipoproteinemia phenotypes linked by hypertriglyceridemia. APOA5 genetic variants are markers for classic hyperlipoproteinemia phenotypes and hypertriglyceridemia

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 730 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1326

Authors: Jian Wang, Matthew R Ban, Brooke A Kennedy, Sonia Anand, Salim Yusuf, Murray W Huff, Rebecca L Pollex & Robert A Hegele

]]> APOA5 genetic variants are markers for classic hyperlipoproteinemia phenotypes and hypertriglyceridemia Jian Wang Matthew R Ban Brooke A Kennedy Sonia Anand Salim Yusuf Murray W Huff Rebecca L Pollex Robert A Hegele doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1326 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 730 (2008) 2008-09-09 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-09 5 11 Clinical research 730 737 Comparison of coronary revascularization procedures in octogenarians: a systematic review and meta-analysis http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1348 Because octogenarian patients have not been adequately represented in randomized trials comparing CABG and PCI, the most appropriate method of revascularization for this group of patients has not been determined. In this paper the authors performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of 66 studies of coronary revascularization in patients aged over 80 years. Their data shows that revascularization can be performed in octogenarians with acceptable short-term and long-term outcomes. Furthermore, it is unclear whether octogenarians derive greater survival benefit from CABG or from PCI because preprocedural risk profiles differ between intervention types. Comparison of coronary revascularization procedures in octogenarians: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 738 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1348

Authors: Stephen H McKellar, Morgan L Brown, Robert L Frye, Hartzell V Schaff & Thoralf M Sundt

]]> Comparison of coronary revascularization procedures in octogenarians: a systematic review and meta-analysis Stephen H McKellar Morgan L Brown Robert L Frye Hartzell V Schaff Thoralf M Sundt doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1348 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 738 (2008) 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-30 5 11 Clinical research 738 746 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the genetic determinants of clinical disease expression http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpcardio1349 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the genetic determinants of clinical disease expression

Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 747 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1349

Author: Andre Keren, Petros Syrris & William J McKenna

]]> Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the genetic determinants of clinical disease expression Andre Keren Petros Syrris William J McKenna doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1349 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 5, 747 (2008) 2008-09-02 Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine 2008-09-02 5 11 Corrigendum 747 747