Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism provides physicians with authoritative and timely interpretations of key developments in the field, translating the latest findings into clinical practice. http://www.nature.com/ncpendmet/current_issue/ Nature Publishing Group en © 2008 Nature Publishing Group Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 1745-8366 1745-8374 © 2008 Nature Publishing Group permissions@nature.com Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism http://www.nature.com/includes/rj_globnavimages/ncpendmet_logo.gif http://www.nature.com/ncpendmet/ Long-term outcome studies of testosterone therapy in older hypogonadal men: waiting for Godot? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet1002 Long-term outcome studies of testosterone therapy in older hypogonadal men: waiting for Godot?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 645 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet1002

Authors: Alvin M Matsumoto & William J Bremner

]]> Long-term outcome studies of testosterone therapy in older hypogonadal men: waiting for Godot? Alvin M Matsumoto William J Bremner doi:10.1038/ncpendmet1002 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 645 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Editorial 645 645 Low serum vitamin D levels increase the risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0986 Low serum vitamin D levels increase the risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 646 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0986

]]> Low serum vitamin D levels increase the risk of hip fracture in postmenopausal women doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0986 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 646 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 646 646 Gastric bypass improves metabolic syndrome components http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0987 Gastric bypass improves metabolic syndrome components

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 646 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0987

]]> Gastric bypass improves metabolic syndrome components doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0987 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 646 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 646 646 Vitamin D deficiency is associated with myocardial dysfunction http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0988 Vitamin D deficiency is associated with myocardial dysfunction

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 646 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0988

]]> Vitamin D deficiency is associated with myocardial dysfunction doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0988 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 646 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 646 647 Severe periodontitis is associated with the metabolic syndrome http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0989 Severe periodontitis is associated with the metabolic syndrome

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 647 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0989

]]> Severe periodontitis is associated with the metabolic syndrome doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0989 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 647 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 647 647 Vitamin K supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in elderly men http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0990 Vitamin K supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in elderly men

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 647 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0990

]]> Vitamin K supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in elderly men doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0990 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 647 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 647 648 Bone turnover is decreased and BMD increased in patients with hypoparathyroidism http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0991 Bone turnover is decreased and BMD increased in patients with hypoparathyroidism

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 648 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0991

]]> Bone turnover is decreased and BMD increased in patients with hypoparathyroidism doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0991 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 648 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 648 648 Bazedoxifene shows promise for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0994 Bazedoxifene shows promise for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 648 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0994

]]> Bazedoxifene shows promise for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0994 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 648 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 648 648 Type 1 diabetes: TNF agonists selectively kill autoreactive T cells in vitro http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0992 Type 1 diabetes: TNF agonists selectively kill autoreactive T cells in vitro

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 649 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0992

]]> Type 1 diabetes: TNF agonists selectively kill autoreactive T cells in vitro doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0992 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 649 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 649 649 Tight glycemic control does not reduce mortality in critically ill adults http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0993 Tight glycemic control does not reduce mortality in critically ill adults

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 649 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0993

]]> Tight glycemic control does not reduce mortality in critically ill adults doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0993 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 649 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4 12 Research Highlights 649 649 Is megestrol acetate a suitable option for treatment of hot flashes in women with breast cancer? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0977 Is megestrol acetate a suitable option for treatment of hot flashes in women with breast cancer?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 650 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0977

Author: Michelle P Warren

]]> Is megestrol acetate a suitable option for treatment of hot flashes in women with breast cancer? Michelle P Warren doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0977 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 650 (2008) 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-09-30 4 12 Practice Point 650 651 Vertebral fracture assessment using standard bone densitometry equipment predicts incident fractures in women http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0984 Vertebral fracture assessment using standard bone densitometry equipment predicts incident fractures in women

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 652 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0984

Authors: Mary L Bouxsein & Pierre D Delmas

]]> Vertebral fracture assessment using standard bone densitometry equipment predicts incident fractures in women Mary L Bouxsein Pierre D Delmas doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0984 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 652 (2008) 2008-10-07 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-10-07 4 12 Practice Point 652 653 Metformin therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus: are we there yet? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0969 Metformin therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus: are we there yet?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 654 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0969

Author: Denice S Feig

]]> Metformin therapy for gestational diabetes mellitus: are we there yet? Denice S Feig doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0969 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 654 (2008) 2008-09-23 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-09-23 4 12 Practice Point 654 655 Does vitamin D3 dosing schedule influence treatment efficacy in nursing home residents with vitamin D deficiency? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0979 Does vitamin D3 dosing schedule influence treatment efficacy in nursing home residents with vitamin D deficiency?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 656 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0979

Author: Michael F Holick

]]> Does vitamin D3 dosing schedule influence treatment efficacy in nursing home residents with vitamin D deficiency? Michael F Holick doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0979 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 656 (2008) 2008-10-28 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-10-28 4 12 Practice Point 656 657 Should the levothyroxine starting dose be tailored to disease severity in neonates with congenital hypothyroidism? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0970 Should the levothyroxine starting dose be tailored to disease severity in neonates with congenital hypothyroidism?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 658 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0970

Author: Stephen H LaFranchi

]]> Should the levothyroxine starting dose be tailored to disease severity in neonates with congenital hypothyroidism? Stephen H LaFranchi doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0970 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 658 (2008) 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-09-30 4 12 Practice Point 658 659 Is twice-yearly denosumab beneficial in postmenopausal women with osteopenia but no history of fracture? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0981 Is twice-yearly denosumab beneficial in postmenopausal women with osteopenia but no history of fracture?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 660 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0981

Author: Sherri-Ann M Burnett-Bowie

]]> Is twice-yearly denosumab beneficial in postmenopausal women with osteopenia but no history of fracture? Sherri-Ann M Burnett-Bowie doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0981 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 660 (2008) 2008-11-04 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-11-04 4 12 Practice Point 660 661 Endoscopic surgery for cystic lesions of the pituitary region http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0975 Cystic lesions of the pituitary region are quite common but present a challenge for diagnosis and treatment. Several types of cystic lesion are recognized, including cystic pituitary adenomas, Rathke cleft cysts, arachnoid cysts, and craniopharyngiomas. The clinical symptoms and diagnosis of these lesions, and the use of endoscopy for surgical intervention, are discussed in this Viewpoint. Endoscopic surgery for cystic lesions of the pituitary region

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 662 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0975

Author: Edward R Laws

]]> Endoscopic surgery for cystic lesions of the pituitary region Edward R Laws doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0975 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 662 (2008) 2008-10-07 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-10-07 4 12 Viewpoint 662 663 Insulin therapy versus cell-based therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus: what lies ahead? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0971 Current approaches to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus can be divided into three categories: insulin therapy, cell-based therapy and modification of the autoimmune process associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Comparing the benefits, risk and challenges of insulin therapy and cell-based therapy, the author of this Viewpoint discusses the prospects for these two therapeutic approaches. Insulin therapy versus cell-based therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus: what lies ahead?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 664 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0971

Author: Alvin C Powers

]]> Insulin therapy versus cell-based therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus: what lies ahead? Alvin C Powers doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0971 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 664 (2008) 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-09-30 4 12 Viewpoint 664 665 Ghrelin as a pleotrophic modulator of gonadal function and reproduction http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet1003 The gut hormone ghrelin is a putative signal of energy balance. In addition, ghrelin might act as a pleotrophic modulator of reproductive function. The experimental and clinical data that support a role for ghrelin in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis are summarized by the author of this Review. Ghrelin as a pleotrophic modulator of gonadal function and reproduction

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 666 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet1003

Author: Manuel Tena-Sempere

]]> Ghrelin as a pleotrophic modulator of gonadal function and reproduction Manuel Tena-Sempere doi:10.1038/ncpendmet1003 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 666 (2008) 2008-11-04 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-11-04 4 12 Review 666 674 Treating fetal thyroid and adrenal disorders through the mother http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet1005 As genetic and imaging techniques advance, more is becoming known about the nature of various fetal disorders. Some of these disorders may be treated, with varying degrees of success, through the mother. This Review presents information particularly on fetal adrenal and thyroid disorders and discusses the various management approaches and their related risks and outcomes. Treating fetal thyroid and adrenal disorders through the mother

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 675 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet1005

Authors: Guy Van Vliet, Michel Polak & E Martin Ritzén

]]> Treating fetal thyroid and adrenal disorders through the mother Guy Van Vliet Michel Polak E Martin Ritzén doi:10.1038/ncpendmet1005 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 675 (2008) 2008-11-04 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-11-04 4 12 Review 675 682 Mechanisms related to the pathophysiology and management of central hypothyroidism http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0995 The prevalence of central hypothyroidism is unknown, but might be greater than reported. This disorder may arise from a variety of causes, from tumor-related hormonal disturbances, to mechanical problems related to traumatic brain injury, to being induced by drug therapy. This Review presents an overview of etiologies, diagnosis and management. Mechanisms related to the pathophysiology and management of central hypothyroidism

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 683 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0995

Authors: Masanobu Yamada & Masatomo Mori

]]> Mechanisms related to the pathophysiology and management of central hypothyroidism Masanobu Yamada Masatomo Mori doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0995 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 683 (2008) 2008-10-21 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-10-21 4 12 Review 683 694 A patient with ectopic cortisol production derived from malignant testicular masses http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0985 This article describes a patient with Cushing syndrome presumably attributable to an adrenocortical carcinoma arising from testicular adrenal rest cells. The authors discuss treatment options for adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent hypercortisolism and highlight the difficulties in determining the origin of ectopic cortisol production. A patient with ectopic cortisol production derived from malignant testicular masses

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 695 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0985

Authors: Shilpa H Jain, Peter M Sadow, Vania Nosé & Robert G Dluhy

]]> A patient with ectopic cortisol production derived from malignant testicular masses Shilpa H Jain Peter M Sadow Vania Nosé Robert G Dluhy doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0985 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 695 (2008) 2008-10-21 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-10-21 4 12 Case Study 695 700 How do detemir and glargine compare when added to oral agents in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpendmet0998 How do detemir and glargine compare when added to oral agents in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 702 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0998

Author: Jennifer B Marks

]]> How do detemir and glargine compare when added to oral agents in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? Jennifer B Marks doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0998 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 4, 702 (2008) 2008-11-04 Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism 2008-11-04 4 12 Corrigendum 702 702