Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology provides physicians with authoritative and timely interpretations of key developments in the field, translating the latest findings into clinical practice. http://www.nature.com/ncpgasthep/current_issue/ Nature Publishing Group en © 2008 Nature Publishing Group Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 1743-4378 1743-4386 © 2008 Nature Publishing Group permissions@nature.com Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology http://www.nature.com/includes/rj_globnavimages/ncpgasthep_logo.gif http://www.nature.com/ncpgasthep/ Conflicts http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1286 Conflicts

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 589 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1286

Author: Stephen B Hanauer

]]> Conflicts Stephen B Hanauer doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1286 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 589 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Editorial 589 589 Risks associated with MRSA and VRE colonization of a liver transplant population http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1265 Risks associated with MRSA and VRE colonization of a liver transplant population

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 590 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1265

]]> Risks associated with MRSA and VRE colonization of a liver transplant population doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1265 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 590 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 590 590 Liver transplantation: treating recurrent hepatitis C after steroid-free immunosuppression http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1266 Liver transplantation: treating recurrent hepatitis C after steroid-free immunosuppression

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 590 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1266

]]> Liver transplantation: treating recurrent hepatitis C after steroid-free immunosuppression doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1266 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 590 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 590 590 A multimedia-based information program enhances the informed consent process http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1267 A multimedia-based information program enhances the informed consent process

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 590 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1267

]]> A multimedia-based information program enhances the informed consent process doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1267 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 590 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 590 591 Increased risk of new onset IBS in individuals with a history of a biliary event http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1268 Increased risk of new onset IBS in individuals with a history of a biliary event

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 591 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1268

]]> Increased risk of new onset IBS in individuals with a history of a biliary event doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1268 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 591 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 591 591 Role for pH-impedance tests in patients with GERD symptoms but no evidence of acid reflux http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1269 Role for pH-impedance tests in patients with GERD symptoms but no evidence of acid reflux

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 591 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1269

]]> Role for pH-impedance tests in patients with GERD symptoms but no evidence of acid reflux doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1269 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 591 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 591 592 Accuracy of prognostic models for cirrhosis is improved by use 48 h after admission http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1270 Accuracy of prognostic models for cirrhosis is improved by use 48 h after admission

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 592 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1270

]]> Accuracy of prognostic models for cirrhosis is improved by use 48 h after admission doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1270 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 592 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 592 592 Inlet patch: prevalence and associated upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1271 Inlet patch: prevalence and associated upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 592 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1271

]]> Inlet patch: prevalence and associated upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1271 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 592 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 592 592 Green tea extract improves glycated hemoglobin levels http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1272 Green tea extract improves glycated hemoglobin levels

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 593 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1272

]]> Green tea extract improves glycated hemoglobin levels doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1272 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 593 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 593 593 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpneph0934 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 593 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpneph0934

]]> Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes doi:10.1038/ncpneph0934 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 593 (2008) Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5 11 Research Highlights 593 593 Who should receive antibiotic prophylaxis before ERCP? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1262 Who should receive antibiotic prophylaxis before ERCP?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 594 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1262

Author: Jacques Devière

]]> Who should receive antibiotic prophylaxis before ERCP? Jacques Devière doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1262 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 594 (2008) 2008-09-23 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-23 5 11 Practice Point 594 595 Is once-daily dosing of mesalazine effective for maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1255 Is once-daily dosing of mesalazine effective for maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 596 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1255

Author: Chris SJ Probert

]]> Is once-daily dosing of mesalazine effective for maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis? Chris SJ Probert doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1255 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 596 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-16 5 11 Practice Point 596 597 Is surgery required for patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms without mural nodules? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1261 Is surgery required for patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms without mural nodules?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 598 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1261

Authors: Ralph H Hruban & Richard D Schulick

]]> Is surgery required for patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms without mural nodules? Ralph H Hruban Richard D Schulick doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1261 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 598 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-16 5 11 Practice Point 598 599 How effective is the low-pressure adjustable gastric band for long-term treatment of obesity? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1258 How effective is the low-pressure adjustable gastric band for long-term treatment of obesity?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 600 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1258

Author: Franz Aigner

]]> How effective is the low-pressure adjustable gastric band for long-term treatment of obesity? Franz Aigner doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1258 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 600 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-16 5 11 Practice Point 600 601 Is probiotic prophylaxis worthwhile in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1260 Is probiotic prophylaxis worthwhile in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 602 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1260

Author: Stig Bengmark

]]> Is probiotic prophylaxis worthwhile in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis? Stig Bengmark doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1260 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 602 (2008) 2008-09-23 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-23 5 11 Practice Point 602 603 Does long-term PPI use result in vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly individuals? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1263 Does long-term PPI use result in vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly individuals?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 604 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1263

Authors: TS Dharmarajan & Edward P Norkus

]]> Does long-term PPI use result in vitamin B12 deficiency in elderly individuals? TS Dharmarajan Edward P Norkus doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1263 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 604 (2008) 2008-09-23 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-23 5 11 Practice Point 604 605 What is the best first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1252 The efficacy of triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection is often unacceptably low. As a consequence, new first-line treatment alternatives have been proposed. This Viewpoint article discusses the options for improving first-line therapy cure rates either by triple therapy modifications—increasing the length of treatment and/or using high doses of PPIs—or promising new drug schedules such as 'sequential' or 'concomitant' therapies. What is the best first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 606 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1252

Author: Xavier Calvet

]]> What is the best first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection? Xavier Calvet doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1252 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 606 (2008) 2008-09-02 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-02 5 11 Viewpoint 606 607 What is the best salvage therapy for patients with Helicobacter pylori infection? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1256 The eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection is still a challenge for clinicians. Approximately 5% of patients who undergo two courses of eradication therapy remain infected. The authors of this Viewpoint article discuss the available options for salvage therapy in these patients and the role of antimicrobial susceptibility testing in this setting. What is the best salvage therapy for patients with Helicobacter pylori infection?

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 608 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1256

Authors: Lorenzo Fuccio, Rocco Maurizio Zagari & Franco Bazzoli

]]> What is the best salvage therapy for patients with Helicobacter pylori infection? Lorenzo Fuccio Rocco Maurizio Zagari Franco Bazzoli doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1256 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 608 (2008) 2008-09-16 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-16 5 11 Viewpoint 608 609 Interferon-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C: current and future perspectives http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1274 Interferon-based therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for chronic hepatitis C; however, many patients do not respond optimally to current treatment regimens. In this Review, the author considers how interferon-based therapy might be tailored to ensure the best chance of achieving a sustained virological response while preventing over-treatment. The potential of alternative treatment options that will most likely be used in combination with interferon, at least initially, is also discussed. Interferon-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C: current and future perspectives

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 610 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1274

Author: Stefan Zeuzem

]]> Interferon-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C: current and future perspectives Stefan Zeuzem doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1274 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 610 (2008) 2008-10-07 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-10-07 5 11 Review 610 622 Complementary and alternative medicine for IBS in adults: mind–body interventions http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1257 IBS is a common disorder; however, the available treatment options are unsatisfactory for many patients. A considerable percentage of patients with IBS seek advice from practitioners offering complementary and alternative medical approaches. This Review discusses the literature for alternative mind-body interventions for the treatment of IBS, and addresses the potential relationship of these interventions to the biopsychosocial model and IBS. Complementary and alternative medicine for IBS in adults: mind–body interventions

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 624 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1257

Authors: David J Kearney & Janelle Brown-Chang

]]> Complementary and alternative medicine for IBS in adults: mind–body interventions David J Kearney Janelle Brown-Chang doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1257 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 624 (2008) 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-30 5 11 Review 624 636 Mechanisms of infectious diarrhea http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1264 Infectious diarrhea is a global health issue that affects billions of individuals annually. The diarrheas can be classified as noninflammatory or inflammatory based on their pathogenesis and clinical presentation. This Review presents our current understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical syndromes of infectious diarrheas, including their epidemiology and the various host factors that protect against enteric infection. Mechanisms of infectious diarrhea

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 637 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1264

Authors: Udayakumar Navaneethan & Ralph A Giannella

]]> Mechanisms of infectious diarrhea Udayakumar Navaneethan Ralph A Giannella doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1264 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 637 (2008) 2008-09-23 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-23 5 11 Review 637 647 The current role of laparoscopic liver resection for the treatment of liver tumors http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpgasthep1253 Laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) is a natural extension of minimally invasive surgery. The authors of this Review consider the surgical technique used for LLR, as well as the indications for LLR, before evaluating the short-term and long-term outcomes of LLR by comparing the results of case-matched studies of LLR and open resection for both benign and malignant tumors. The current role of laparoscopic liver resection for the treatment of liver tumors

Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 648 (2008). doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1253

Authors: Carlo Pulitanò & Luca Aldrighetti

]]> The current role of laparoscopic liver resection for the treatment of liver tumors Carlo Pulitanò Luca Aldrighetti doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep1253 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 5, 648 (2008) 2008-09-02 Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2008-09-02 5 11 Review 648 654