New challenges for a new leader

Nature Immunology 10, 1 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni0109-1

Will the ongoing financial crisis prevent Barack Obama from increasing funding for the biomedical sciences?

'Toll2008' outgrows its name

Nature Immunology 10, 7 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni0109-7

Authors: Cherilyn M Sirois, Veit Hornung & Eicke Latz

On 24–27 September 2008, members of the scientific community gathered to discuss advances in innate immunity at the 'Toll meeting' in Cascais, Portugal. Before long, attendees noticed that 'Toll2008' might be a misnomer.

From immunity to tolerance through HDAC

Nature Immunology 10, 13 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni0109-13

Author: Katia Georgopoulos

Regulation of expression of the gene encoding interleukin 10 by the histone deacetylase HDAC11 emphasizes the ability of an antigen-presenting cell to induce immunity or tolerance in CD4+ T cells.

A new function for the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1

Nature Immunology 10, 16 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni0109-16

Authors: Hisashi Iizasa & Kazuko Nishikura

ADAR1 catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA. This RNA-editing enzyme is now shown to be involved in hematopoiesis, where it acts to suppress interferon signaling and to block premature apoptosis.

Spotlight on IL-22-producing NK cell receptor–expressing mucosal lymphocytes

Nature Immunology 10, 11 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni0109-11

Authors: Karl-Johan Malmberg & Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren

New findings show that a subpopulation of mucosal RORγt+ cells expresses natural killer cell receptors and produces interleukin 22. These innate immune cells may be pivotal in maintaining mucosal homeostasis.

Rules to 'prime' by

Nature Immunology 10, 14 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni0109-14

Authors: Paul G Thomas & Peter C Doherty

A systems biology approach provides correlates of successful vaccination, which allows a new method for measuring early vaccine efficiency and suggests hypotheses for the mechanisms that underlie immunogenicity.

Coregulation of CD8+ T cell exhaustion by multiple inhibitory receptors during chronic viral infection

Nature Immunology 10, 29 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1679

Authors: Shawn D Blackburn, Haina Shin, W Nicholas Haining, Tao Zou, Creg J Workman, Antonio Polley, Michael R Betts, Gordon J Freeman, Dario A A Vignali & E John Wherry

Human fetal lymphoid tissue–inducer cells are interleukin 17–producing precursors to RORC+ CD127+ natural killer–like cells

Nature Immunology 10, 66 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1668

Authors: Tom Cupedo, Natasha K Crellin, Natalie Papazian, Elwin J Rombouts, Kees Weijer, Jane L Grogan, Willem E Fibbe, Jan J Cornelissen & Hergen Spits

Cortical sinus probing, S1P1-dependent entry and flow-based capture of egressing T cells

Nature Immunology 10, 58 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1682

Authors: Irina L Grigorova, Susan R Schwab, Tri Giang Phan, Trung H M Pham, Takaharu Okada & Jason G Cyster

ADAR1 is essential for the maintenance of hematopoiesis and suppression of interferon signaling

Nature Immunology 10, 109 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1680

Authors: Jochen C Hartner, Carl R Walkley, Jun Lu & Stuart H Orkin

Influence of the transcription factor RORγt on the development of NKp46+ cell populations in gut and skin

Nature Immunology 10, 75 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1681

Authors: Carmelo Luci, Ana Reynders, Ivaylo I Ivanov, Celine Cognet, Laurent Chiche, Lionel Chasson, Jean Hardwigsen, Esperanza Anguiano, Jacques Banchereau, Damien Chaussabel, Marc Dalod, Dan R Littman, Eric Vivier & Elena Tomasello

The Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines transports chemokines and supports their promigratory activity

Nature Immunology 10, 101 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1675

Authors: Monika Pruenster, Liesbeth Mudde, Paula Bombosi, Svetla Dimitrova, Marion Zsak, Jim Middleton, Ann Richmond, Gerard J Graham, Stephan Segerer, Robert J B Nibbs & Antal Rot

RORγt and commensal microflora are required for the differentiation of mucosal interleukin 22–producing NKp46+ cells

Nature Immunology 10, 83 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1684

Authors: Stephanie L Sanos, Viet L Bui, Arthur Mortha, Karin Oberle, Charlotte Heners, Caroline Johner & Andreas Diefenbach

Proteolysis of NF-κB1 p105 is essential for T cell antigen receptor–induced proliferation

Nature Immunology 10, 38 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1685

Authors: Srividya Sriskantharajah, Monica P Belich, Stamatia Papoutsopoulou, Julia Janzen, Victor Tybulewicz, Benedict Seddon & Steven C Ley

The histone deacetylase HDAC11 regulates the expression of interleukin 10 and immune tolerance

Nature Immunology 10, 92 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1673

Authors: Alejandro Villagra, Fengdong Cheng, Hong-Wei Wang, Ildelfonso Suarez, Michelle Glozak, Michelle Maurin, Danny Nguyen, Kenneth L Wright, Peter W Atadja, Kapil Bhalla, Javier Pinilla-Ibarz, Edward Seto & Eduardo M Sotomayor

The surface protein TIGIT suppresses T cell activation by promoting the generation of mature immunoregulatory dendritic cells

Nature Immunology 10, 48 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1674

Authors: Xin Yu, Kristin Harden, Lino C Gonzalez, Michelle Francesco, Eugene Chiang, Bryan Irving, Irene Tom, Sinisa Ivelja, Canio J Refino, Hilary Clark, Dan Eaton & Jane L Grogan

Systems biology approach predicts immunogenicity of the yellow fever vaccine in humans

Nature Immunology 10, 116 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni.1688

Authors: Troy D Querec, Rama S Akondy, Eva K Lee, Weiping Cao, Helder I Nakaya, Dirk Teuwen, Ali Pirani, Kim Gernert, Jiusheng Deng, Bruz Marzolf, Kathleen Kennedy, Haiyan Wu, Soumaya Bennouna, Herold Oluoch, Joseph Miller, Ricardo Z Vencio, Mark Mulligan, Alan Aderem, Rafi Ahmed & Bali Pulendran

Signaling to gene expression: calcium, calcineurin and NFAT

Nature Immunology 10, 3 (2009). doi:10.1038/ni0109-3

Author: Anjana Rao

Anjana Rao recounts the contributions of two talented and productive postdoctoral fellows who purified and characterized the transcription factor NFAT.