Nature Methods 2, 941 - 950 (2005)
Published online: 18 November 2005; | doi:10.1038/nmeth820
Fiber-optic fluorescence imagingBenjamin A Flusberg, Eric D Cocker, Wibool Piyawattanametha, Juergen C Jung, Eunice L M Cheung
& Mark J Schnitzer
James H. Clark Center for Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Stanford University, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Correspondence should be addressed to Mark J Schnitzer mschnitz@stanford.edu Optical fibers guide light between separate locations and enable new types of fluorescence imaging. Fiber-optic fluorescence imaging systems include portable handheld microscopes, flexible endoscopes well suited for imaging within hollow tissue cavities and microendoscopes that allow minimally invasive high-resolution imaging deep within tissue. A challenge in the creation of such devices is the design and integration of miniaturized optical and mechanical components. Until recently, fiber-based fluorescence imaging was mainly limited to epifluorescence and scanning confocal modalities. Two new classes of photonic crystal fiber facilitate ultrashort pulse delivery for fiber-optic two-photon fluorescence imaging. An upcoming generation of fluorescence imaging devices will be based on microfabricated device components.
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