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Surface diffusion of AMPA receptors at the postsynpatic membrane of hippocampal synapses is shown to be crucial for the expression of both short-term plasticity and early long-term potentiation.
Only primates possess 'cytoarchitectonic area 10' in anterior prefrontal cortex, and its function is unknown. In this Review, Mansouri and colleagues argue that area 10 monitors the relative importance of current and alternative goals.
During late-stage development, supernumerary synapses are eliminated in a process known as synaptic pruning. Here, Neniskyte and Gross give an overview of synaptic pruning in various parts of the nervous system and describe how differences in synaptic pruning may be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Individuals with autism show differences in both social cognition and basic sensory processing. In this Review, Robertson and Baron-Cohen discuss human and animal studies of sensory processing in autism and present possible explanations of how they relate to changes in neural processing and cognition.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is emerging as a potential broad-spectrum therapy for addiction. In this Opinion article, Diana and colleagues discuss the neural foundations of TMS and discuss possible mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects observed in people with addictions.
Volitional motor control involves not only the initiation of desired movements but also the suppression of undesired movements. In this Opinion article, Ebbesen and Brecht argue that motor cortex neurons have a role in both aspects of motor control.