Access

Year of physics

Nature 433, 222-225 (20 January 2005) | doi:10.1038/nature03278; Published online 19 January 2005

progress articles In and out of equilibrium

J. Kurchan1

Top

Albert Einstein's work on brownian motion showed how thermal equilibrium could be brought about by work exchanged through thermal fluctuations and viscous dissipation. Glasses are out-of-equilibrium systems in which this exchange happens at widely different timescales simultaneously. Theory then suggests the fascinating possibility that such behaviour may lead to a more general form of thermalization, in which the effective temperature shared by all components differs at each timescale.

MORE ARTICLES LIKE THIS

These links to content published by NPG are automatically generated.

NEWS AND VIEWS

Granular materials Shaken sand ? a granular fluid?

Nature News and Views (21 Aug 2003)