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Influences of the Quasi-Biennal Oscillation can propagate from the lower stratosphere to the surface climate of high-latitude regions through a unique teleconnection pathway, according to an analysis of 42 years of data.
The CO2 degassing of the early Deccan Trap eruption may have controlled the late Maastrichtian warming event. Meanwhile, the Early Danian warming event may have been mostly controlled by orbital forcing, according to carbon isotope data from terrestrial formations in southeastern China.
Aviation contributions to climate change from non-CO2 emissions and their effects can be assessed more accurately with alternative metrics to the conventional Global Warming Potential, suggests an analysis of the neutrality, temporal stability, compatibility and simplicity of a suite of metrics.
Prebiotically plausible molecules, under early Earth-like conditions, generate diverse microstructures, many of which are morphologically similar to purported early microfossils. These results were obtained from confocal and transmission electron microscopy, combined with population morphometry.
A major anomaly in 2022 satellite-based ocean phytoplankton trends is not a biological response but rather a processing error due to stratospheric aerosols from the Hunga-Tonga eruptions, suggest observations and radiative transfer model simulations.
Organic and conventional farming exhibit no significant disparities in global warming potential, eutrophication, and energy usage per unit of product mass, according to a quantitative review of life cycle assessment studies.
Experiments and numerical modelling of dilute pyroclastic currents reveal an internal amplification of the dynamic pressure, which suggests that flow-building interactions are stronger when multiphase flow dynamics are accounted for.
A correlation between seismic tomography-derived upper mantle low-density bodies and crustal earthquake clusters in west-central Europe suggests mantle buoyancy forces may be a factor controlling the distribution of intracontinental seismicity
Eutrophication of brackish waters drives phytoplankton blooms that supply dissolved organic matter, which, in turn, supports the proliferation of the pathogenic bacterium Vibrio vulnificus with no mitigation by seagrass beds, suggesting microbial and geochemical water and sediment analyses across the Baltic Sea.
China’s biomass imports and consumption from lower-middle-income and low-income countries increased between 2004 and 2017 and are expected to continue to increase by 402.9% in 2050, according to an analysis of the Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production metric and model projections.
Scientists’ identities, values, and sense of duty, strongly influence their perspectives and engagement in climate and environmental activism, as well as their views on the role of technology in addressing environmental challenges, according to the findings from a multinational survey.
Fluctuations of physio-chemical conditions driven by dissolution-reprecipitation of arsenopyrite and arsenian pyrite critically control gold release and re-enrichment, according to micro and nanoscale observations and geochemical analyses.
Many prolonged cold periods similar to the Little Ice Age occurred during the Holocene as a result of volcanic activity and gradual ocean–sea ice feedbacks, according to Earth system model simulations forced by external climate forcing reconstructions.
Global vulnerability to flooding did not decrease between 2000-2018 despite ongoing socio-economic development as flood adaptation remained low in less developed areas, suggests an analysis combining satellite observations and socio-economic data.
Changes in eruption rate can be estimated through the application of plume theory and laboratory evidence to video footage of wind-blown volcanic clouds, according to analysis of a 17-minute-long recording of the 2010 Eyjafjallajokull eruption, Iceland
An extreme rainfall event in September 2021 in northern China caused cascading ecological effects that led to unusually low turbidity, red tide blooms, and subsequent kelp mortality events offshore of the eastern Shandong Peninsula, according to field and satellite data.
The severity of hypoxia in the Yangtze Estuary has increased in the last 50 years due to anthropogenic eutrophication and may be further exacerbated by climate-driven strengthening of stratification in the future, suggests sediment core analysis and climate modelling.
Quasi-stationary and transient anticyclones contributed to the hot Argentinian summer 2022/23 through circulation and moisture feedbacks respectively, and climate change exacerbated heatwave intensity by 0.5 to 1.2 °C relative to previous decades, according to an evaluation of ERA5 reanalysis data.
Following the destruction of a bridge segment at the Kakhovka Dam on November 11, 2022, irregular operation of the spillway gates led to a prolonged overflow, causing erosion of the spillway foundation, as indicated by satellite data, meteorological reanalysis, and dam design criteria analysis.
An ultra-weak magnetic field from Earth’s core lasting for at least 26 million years may have contributed to Earth’s oxygenation and further diversification of the Ediacaran fauna, according to single-crystal paleointensity data from igneous rocks in South Africa and Brazil.