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Most people affected by Alcohol Use Disorder do not develop cirrhosis. Here, the authors show that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocytes from patients with Alcohol Cirrhosis, have impaired cell energy production and were more susceptible to oxidative stress, which is partially reversed by treatment with Aramchol.
Automated reaction exploration is the key to systematic elucidation of chemical mechanisms. Here, the authors introduce a generally applicable algorithm to steer an automated exploration towards region of interest in chemical reaction space.
Magnetic tunnel junctions consist of two magnetic layers, separated by a thin insulator. The simplicity belies the industrial importance: magnetic tunnel junctions have a very wide variety of applications in contemporary society. Here, Fu et al present a magnetic tunnel junction composed of single van der Waals magnetic insulator, CrI3, exhibiting remarkably low power consumption.
Inactivation is an intrinsic property of NaV channel, but the mechanism for slow inactivation is not fully understood. Here, authors show a NaVEh structure in a potential slow-inactivated state, elucidating structural basis for slow inactivation.
CSF biomarker concentrations may be influenced by non-disease related interindividual variability. Here, the authors show that reference proteins can capture this variability and enhance the accuracy of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers.
The knowledge in the large language model (LLM), generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) 3.5, is elicited to facilitate the discovery of MRE11 in regulating sleep in the presence of conspecifics by a multi-object video tracking system.
The development of metal-nucleic acid nanocomposites for therapeutic is limited by poor stability and synthesis efficiency. Here, the authors develop a multi-fragmented aptamer DNAzyme metal-nucleic acid frameworks (MNFs) under milder conditions and demonstrate its preclinical efficacy in gastric cancer.
H9N2 avian influenza is a virus with zoonotic potential that is common in poultry in live bird markets in Asia. In this study, the authors use mathematical modelling to characterise transmission of H9N2 in live bird markets in Bangladesh and assess the effectiveness of potential interventions to reduce its circulation.
Anatomical overlap of respective brain regions suggests a joint network for attention and eye movements. Here, the authors show that gaze aligns with the acoustics of attended natural speech and differentiates between a target and a distractor in a cocktail party scenario.
Silicon-integrated graphene photodetectors exhibit promising bandwidths at telecom wavelengths, but their responsivity is usually limited. Here, the authors report the wafer-scale fabrication of waveguide-integrated detectors based on twisted bilayer graphene, showing responsivities up to 0.65 A/W and 3-dB bandwidths >65 GHz.
It is known that exercise influences many human traits, but not which tissues and genes are most important. This study connects transcriptome data collected across 15 tissues during exercise training in rats as part of the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium with human data to identify traits with similar tissue specific gene expression signatures to exercise.
Understanding loss mechanisms in superconducting circuits is crucial for improving qubit coherence. Here the authors use a multimode resonator to study loss mechanisms in thin-film superconducting circuits and demonstrate on-chip quantum memories with lifetimes exceeding 1ms, using Ta thin-films and high-temperature substrate annealing
Here the authors report baseline results of a population-based trial testing concomitant human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and HPV-based screening of young women in Sweden and, using a transmission model, suggest that this approach may reduce high-risk HPV infections.
The effect of noncoding genetic variation on acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment response is not fully understood. Here, the authors functionally evaluated variants associated with pharmacological traits and validate the role of rs1247117 in gene regulation impacting therapeutic response.
Cyst growth in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is driven by unknown molecular signals that require the presence of intact primary cilia in the absence of the PKD gene products. Here, the authors show that the transcription factor Glis2 is a key effector of this cilia dependent cyst growth pathway and a potential target for therapy in ADPKD
Developing an efficient method for the stereocontrolled synthesis of all stereoisomers of chiral hindered ethers is highly desirable but challenging. Here, the authors report an asymmetric cascade reaction catalyzed by a bimetallic catalytic system with control over the configuration of the stereocenters of tetra-aryl substituted ethers.
Galectin-3, mainly produced and secreted by macrophages, is elevated in diabetes. Here, the authors show that galectin-3 directly interacts with voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 1 (CACNG1) and blocks calcium transients and subsequent insulin secretion.
Several bottlenecks exist in metabolomics data analysis. Here, the authors present MetaboAnalystR 4.0 as a unified workflow for LC-MS untargeted metabolomics. It highlights significant improvements in LC-MS2 spectral processing and functional analysis, providing an end-to-end computational pipeline.
Precise and spatio-temporal control of crystallization kinetics is important but challenging. Here, the authors propose an optical strategy called optofluidic crystallithography to steer the growth of single-crystalline halide perovskites.
Multiplexed spiking data coding schemes could enable artificial visual neurons to emulate the human visual system in a more biologically plausible way. Here, Li et al. present an artificial neuron device capable of encoding visual analog signals into spike trains using multiplexed rate and temporal fusion coding. Reviewer recognition: