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Histone deacetylases are typically involved in transcriptional repression, but a report in Nature describes a mechanism by which HDAC3 can also activate macrophage transcription in response to lipopolysaccharide in a deacetylase-independent manner.
The corticosteroid dexamethasome has been shown to reduce mortality in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who require mechanical ventilation. Here, the authors describe how this immunosuppressive drug might work.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies for cancer immunotherapy can lead to excessive cytokine release. Now, a report in Cell shows that inclusion of the CD3ε signalling domain in CAR constructs may restrain cytokine release and improve anti-tumour function.
In this Comment article, Becker and colleagues consider how the excessive release of reactive oxygen species by neutrophils may perpetuate red blood cell dysfunction, thrombosis and tissue damage in severe cases of COVID-19.
Bile acid from intestinal symbiotic bacteria helps to resist alphavirus infection by supporting type I interferon responses by plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which in turn limit the permissiveness of circulating monocytes to viral infection.
Multi-omics profiling of endothelial cells, epithelial cells and fibroblasts from 12 mouse organs was used to create an atlas of immune gene activity in structural cells.