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Immune genes implicated in multiple sclerosis pathology are shown to be primed but not expressed in oligodendrocyte precursor cells in both mouse and human.
Local activation of presynaptic receptors alters neurotransmitter release, modulating effects of somatic action potentials. In this Review, Lovinger et al. discuss the role of presynaptic receptors in regulating synaptic transmission and directions for future research aimed at determining the in vivo roles of presynaptic receptors.
There is a dichotomy in human neuroscience research between task-based cognition and characterization of intrinsic neural patterns (for example, resting-state networks), In this Review, Liu and colleagues discuss a new paradigm for bridging this gap based on decoding of task-related representations.
Impaired insulin signalling is now established as a key component of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology. In this review, De Felice and colleagues discuss the contribution of impaired insulin signalling and allostatic load in AD and highlight the potential of social and lifestyle interventions to preserve brain health and ward off AD.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. Various genes have been linked to ALS, leading to the generation of many rodent models of this disease. In this Review, Todd and Petrucelli provide a broad overview of these models.
