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Here, Timothy Steiner and Lars Stovner discuss the progression of migraine epidemiology over the last seven decades and question the apparent increase in migraine prevalence over time.
In this Perspective article, Lipkin et al. consider the contribution of cohort studies to our understanding of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and debate the promise and potential challenges of such studies for dissecting the causes of ASDs and developing interventional strategies.
Findings from a worldwide cohort of cognitively unimpaired individuals demonstrate that the presence of two canonical Alzheimer disease biomarkers — amyloid and tau — can reliably predict progression to mild cognitive impairment in the short-term. The results support the use of these biomarkers to diagnose preclinical Alzheimer disease in a clinical setting.
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is caused by aberrant expression of the transcription factor DUX4. Tihaya, Mul and colleagues describe advances in the development of targeted treatments for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and discuss potential clinical trial outcome measures as well as molecular and imaging biomarkers.
The phase III Clarity AD clinical trial of lecanemab, an amyloid-targeting antibody, showed a small clinical benefit in people with Alzheimer disease. However, several questions remain regarding the true clinical relevance, safety and accessibility of lecanemab in this patient population.
The results of the first randomized, placebo-controlled trial of dimethyl fumarate in a cohort of participants with radiologically isolated syndrome showed efficacy against the risk of a first clinical demyelinating event. The findings pave the way for preventive medicine in multiple sclerosis and highlight the need for more precise prognostication of risk.