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Biologics are emerging as important therapeutic tools in myasthenia gravis. In this Review, Marinos Dalakas considers the promise of these drugs and how they could overcome the limitations of current standard treatments.
In this Review, Reindl and Waters provide an overview of what we currently know about anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies and their association with demyelinating diseases, including the value of detection assays and evidence for antibody pathogenicity and its mechanism.
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) causes about one-tenth of all instances of dementia. This Review considers the substantial progress made in the basic and clinical research in DLB within the past few years, with discussion of the definition, pathology, genetics, prognosis, clinical features and current and future treatment of DLB.
Impairment of cerebral autoregulation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with poor outcomes, but the reasons underlying this association are poorly understood. This Review highlights genetic polymorphisms that might be linked to cerebrovascular function after TBI that might promote improved understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying impaired vascular reactivity and offer potential targets for new therapies.
A new study has identified key differences between women and men with regard to the nature and burden of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology in the brain. In addition to highlighting possible sex differences in AD pathophysiology, the findings could have important implications for the diagnosis and management of this condition.
Early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) is crucial for efficient selection of clinical trial participants for drug development and ultimately for timely treatment of individuals with AD. Here, Claire Murphy examines the potential for olfactory and other sensory impairments as very early indicators of AD and considers the important questions that remain to be answered.
A nationwide German study of prescription data has demonstrated that switching to an antiepileptic drug from a different manufacturer increases the risk of seizure relapse. This finding sparks a debate about the reason for seizure worsening after switching and whether or not it is a pharmacological issue.
Pathogenic variants in POLG, which encodes the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase γ, cause a spectrum of overlapping disease phenotypes. This Review describes the clinical features, pathophysiology, natural history and treatment of POLG-related disorders, focusing particularly on the neurological manifestations.
In this Review, Handel and colleagues examine the contribution of thymic T cell selection to CNS autoimmune conditions and consider how a better understanding of this contribution could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions.