Attosecond science articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    The advent of isolated attosecond XUV pulse sources marks a new era in attosecond science, pivotal for the investigation of core electron dynamics. Here the authors discover that the coherent Raman coupling between the cation states leads to extra timedelay between different transition channels by applying the attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy on the investigation of complex dynamics of strong field ionization of Krypton.

    • Li Wang
    • , Guangru Bai
    •  & Zengxiu Zhao

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Measurement and control of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) is essential for applications of few-cycle laser beams. The authors present a compact on-chip, ambient-air, CEP scanning probe and show a 3D map of spatial changes of CEP and demonstrate CEP control in the focal volume with a spatial light modulator.

    • Václav Hanus
    • , Beatrix Fehér
    •  & Péter Dombi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Understanding of photoionization dynamics, one of the fastest processes in nature, requires the characterization of all underlying ionization channels. Here the authors use an interferometry technique based on attosecond pulses to measure the phase and amplitude of the individual angular momentum channels in the photoionization of neon.

    • Jasper Peschel
    • , David Busto
    •  & Per Eng-Johnsson

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Understanding the photoelectron emission time after the interaction of photon with atoms and molecules is of fundamental interest. Here the authors examine the role of partial waves to the photoionization phase shift of atoms using an attosecond clock and electron-ion coincidence spectroscopy.

    • Wenyu Jiang
    • , Gregory S. J. Armstrong
    •  & Jian Wu

  • Article
    | Open Access

    In strong field ionization, entanglement between an electron and an ion has been discussed previously. Here the authors explore orbital angular momentum entanglement between the electrons released in non-sequential double ionization.

    • Andrew S. Maxwell
    • , Lars Bojer Madsen
    •  & Maciej Lewenstein

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Attosecond pulse generation needs improvements both in terms of tunability and photon flux for next level attosecond experiments. Here the authors show how to control the HHG emission and its spectral-temporal characteristics by driving the IAP generation with synthesized sub-cycle optical pulses.

    • Yudong Yang
    • , Roland E. Mainz
    •  & Franz X. Kärtner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Laser-assisted electron scattering (LAES) is a commonly observed strong field process in gas phase systems. Here the authors use helium droplets with core atoms and molecules to observe increased electron energy due to multiple LAES events within the droplets.

    • Leonhard Treiber
    • , Bernhard Thaler
    •  & Markus Koch

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Developing new methods for structuring light’s chirality in space would be advantageous for various next-generation applications. Here, the authors report enantio-sensitive unidirectional light bending by interacting light with isotropic chiral media.

    • David Ayuso
    • , Andres F. Ordonez
    •  & Olga Smirnova

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Accessing intraband dynamics is challenging due to simultaneous requirements on energy, momentum and time resolution. Here, the authors measure intraband delays between sp- and d-band electronic states in the valence band photoemission from W(110) using intracavity generated attosecond pulse trains.

    • S. Heinrich
    • , T. Saule
    •  & U. Kleineberg

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Light-matter interaction leading to photoelectron emission via the photoelectric effect illustrates the quantum nature of light. Here, the authors report the dependence of the photoelectron’s Wigner time delay on the photoelectron’s emission direction relative to the molecular axis of hydrogen in strong field tunnel-ionization.

    • D. Trabert
    • , S. Brennecke
    •  & S. Eckart

  • Article
    | Open Access

    On-chip optical-field emission devices may be useful for fast electronics and signal processing. Here the authors show a compact on-chip light phase detector capable of monitoring photocurrents oscillating at optical frequencies using electrically connected arrays of plasmonic bow-tie nanoantennae.

    • Yujia Yang
    • , Marco Turchetti
    •  & Phillip D. Keathley

  • Perspective
    | Open Access

    Different methods are demonstrated in recent years to produce attosecond pulses. Here, the authors discuss recent development and future prospects of the generation of such pulses from gases and solids and their potential applications in spectroscopy and ultrafast dynamics in atoms, molecules and other complex systems.

    • Jie Li
    • , Jian Lu
    •  & Zenghu Chang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Conical intersections, a hallmark of polyatomic molecules, can be induced with light, leading to new reaction pathways. Here, the authors show that intense fields can create complex, beyond-conical intersections even in diatomics, resulting in an unexpected angular distribution of fragment ions.

    • M. Kübel
    • , M. Spanner
    •  & A. Staudte

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Light pulses with controllable parameters are desired for studying the fundamental properties of matter. Here the authors generate and use phase-manipulated and highly time-stable XUV pulse pairs to probe the coherent evolution and dephasing of XUV electronic coherences in helium and argon.

    • Andreas Wituschek
    • , Lukas Bruder
    •  & Frank Stienkemeier

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Vortices in light fields are of growing importance in the XUV and X-ray ranges. Here the authors show by simulations that high harmonics and attosecond pulses, generated while irradiating a deformed thin foil with circularly-polarized Gaussian laser pulses, carry a well-defined orbital angular momentum.

    • J. W. Wang
    • , M. Zepf
    •  & S. G. Rykovanov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Understanding momentum transfer in light–matter interaction is intriguing. Here the authors study momentum transfer from photons to electrons and observe a time delay in the linear momentum transfer during strong-field ionization of xenon atoms using time-resolved measurements with velocity map imaging.

    • Benjamin Willenberg
    • , Jochen Maurer
    •  & Ursula Keller

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Excited-state molecular dynamics may be too complex to be resolved by femtosecond spectroscopic studies. Here the authors resolve the competing pathways in the excited state dynamics of methyl bromide by attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, from excitation to fragmentation.

    • Henry Timmers
    • , Xiaolei Zhu
    •  & Stephen R. Leone

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Light absorption in matter often induces ultrafast electron dynamics within the system. Here, the authors record a femtosecond movie of the electron density of an argon ion as it oscillates in a quantum beat of two fine-structure states.

    • M. Kübel
    • , Z. Dube
    •  & A. Staudte

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The many-body quantum nature of molecules determines their static and dynamic properties, but remains the main obstacle in their accurate description. Here, the authors employ ultrafast spectroscopic methods to explore the dynamics of highly excited organic molecules, revealing many-body effects and hints of coherent vibronic dynamics which persist despite their molecular complexity.

    • A. Marciniak
    • , V. Despré
    •  & F. Lépine

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Polarization parameters of the high harmonics driven by bichromatic circularly polarized pulses are usually assumed near perfect. Here the authors use polarimetry measurement to show that depolarization and ellipticity can arise from symmetry breaking in the ionization of a medium by the ultrashort driving fields.

    • Lou Barreau
    • , Kévin Veyrinas
    •  & Pascal Salières

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Recent progress in extreme-ultraviolet table-top light sources is enabling advances in ultrafast molecular dynamics. Here the authors demonstrate time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with such a source, observing how a molecular wave packet crosses a conical intersection, performs large-amplitude motion and eventually dissociates.

    • A. von Conta
    • , A. Tehlar
    •  & H. J. Wörner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Manipulation of the electron–photon coupling is crucial for quantum circuits and exploration of electronic motions and nuclear phenomena. Here the authors discuss a scheme to coherently control the electron wave function from attosecond to zeptosecond timescales by using semi-infinite light fields.

    • G. M. Vanacore
    • , I. Madan
    •  & F. Carbone

  • Article
    | Open Access

    There is a close theoretical correspondence between the ultrafast dynamics of bound electrons and the slow dynamics of trapped ultracold atoms. Here the authors exploit this mapping to experimentally simulate ultrafast phenomena with a large temporal magnification factor.

    • Ruwan Senaratne
    • , Shankari V. Rajagopal
    •  & David M. Weld

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Signal processing in electronic devices is in the THz regime. Here the authors measure NIR lightwave-field-induced multiple dipole oscillations in Cr:Al2O3 in the time domain reaching PHz scale by using an isolated attosecond pulse and this method shows potential for higher speed signal processing.

    • Hiroki Mashiko
    • , Yuta Chisuga
    •  & Hideki Gotoh

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ionization time delays are of interest in understanding the photoionization mechanism in atoms and molecules in ultra-short time scales. Here the authors investigate the angular dependence of photoionization time delays in the presence of an autoionizing resonance in argon atom using RABBITT technique.

    • Claudio Cirelli
    • , Carlos Marante
    •  & Ursula Keller

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Attosecond pulses are useful in exploring processes involving ultrafast electron motion in atomic and molecular systems. Here the authors discuss a method to characterize the complex time-varying polarization state of broadband attosecond pulses by using asymmetry in photoelectron spectra.

    • Álvaro Jiménez-Galán
    • , Gopal Dixit
    •  & Misha Ivanov

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Photoionization of atoms and molecules is a complex process and requires sensitive probes to explore the ultrafast dynamics. Here the authors combine transient absorption and photo-ion spectroscopy methods to explore and control the attosecond pulse initiated excitation, ionization and Auger decay in Kr atoms.

    • Konrad Hütten
    • , Michael Mittermair
    •  & Birgitta Bernhardt

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Owing to their layered nature, transition metal dichalcogenides possess an anisotropic electronic structure whose impact on carrier dynamics is not fully known. Here, the authors use X-ray spectroscopy to unveil the electronic coupling and attosecond dynamics in SnS2, a prototypical van der Waals layered crystal.

    • Calley N. Eads
    • , Dmytro Bandak
    •  & Oliver L. A. Monti

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Accelerating electrons to high energy and controlling their properties on ultrafast timescales is challenging. Here the authors show controlled acceleration of electron bunches using forward scattering in the resonantly enhanced polarization field of silver clusters driven by a phase-tuned two-color laser field.

    • Johannes Passig
    • , Sergey Zherebtsov
    •  & Thomas Fennel

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Attosecond science is beginning to provide the tools to study the previously unattainable crucial first few femtoseconds of photochemical reactions. Here, the authors investigate extremely rapid population transfer via conical intersections in the excited benzene cation, both by experiment and computation.

    • M. C. E. Galbraith
    • , S. Scheit
    •  & J. Mikosch

  • Article
    | Open Access

    High-energy photons in XUV range and attosecond pulses are generated from infrared laser pulses through high harmonic generation in gases and solids. Here, the authors demonstrate the microscopic origin of resonant harmonic generation involving the autoionizing states of Sn in plasma plumes.

    • M. A. Fareed
    • , V. V. Strelkov
    •  & T. Ozaki

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Capturing ultrafast molecular dynamics is difficult as the process involves coupled and very fast motions of electrons and nuclei. Here the authors study non-adiabatic dynamics in the NO molecule using strong-field photoelectron holography to shed light on the valence-shell electron dynamics.

    • Samuel G. Walt
    • , Niraghatam Bhargava Ram
    •  & Hans Jakob Wörner

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Pulsed electron beams with ultrafast duration are desirable to study atomic processes occurring over the natural time scales of electronic motion. Here the authors demonstrate the generation of electron pulses down to attosecond time scales by using optical gating and streaking method.

    • M. Kozák
    • , J. McNeur
    •  & P. Hommelhoff

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Twisted light beams have found several applications in the infrared and visible regime, but reaching the extreme ultraviolet has been difficult due to lack of sources. Here the authors report generation of helically shaped extreme ultraviolet trains of attosecond pulses via high harmonic generation.

    • R. Géneaux
    • , A. Camper
    •  & T. Ruchon

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Photoemission from nanometre-scale structures offer a route toward ultrafast light-field-driven electronic nanocircuits. Here, the authors use attosecond streaking spectroscopy for nanoscale characterization of near-fields in the vicinity of tapered gold nanowires.

    • B. Förg
    • , J. Schötz
    •  & M. F. Kling

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Attosecond soft X-ray pulses hold promise for probing electronic dynamics in real time, but it is challenging to achieve element sensitivity while maintaining temporal resolution. Teichmann et al. report the cover of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen absorption edges with an isolated pulse supporting 13 as duration.

    • S. M. Teichmann
    • , F. Silva
    •  & J. Biegert

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Resonant absorption of light in atoms can lead to autoionization, whose probability exhibits a Fano intensity profile. Here, the authors use attosecond pulses and weak infrared radiation to study the phase variation of the photoionization amplitude across an autoionization resonance in argon.

    • M. Kotur
    • , D. Guénot
    •  & A. L’Huillier

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