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| Open AccessNuclei-specific hypothalamus networks predict a dimensional marker of stress in humans
The association between connectivity of the hypothalamus and stress is not well understood. Here, the authors show connectivity between hypothalamic nuclei and other subcortical structures is predictive of stress.
- Daria E. A. Jensen
- , Klaus P. Ebmeier
- & Miriam C. Klein-Flügge
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| Open AccessThe default network dominates neural responses to evolving movie stories
How brain networks process dynamic naturalistic stimuli is not well understood. Here, the authors use machine learning algorithms to show that brain states in the default network capture the semantic aspects of an unfolding narrative during movie watching.
- Enning Yang
- , Filip Milisav
- & Danilo Bzdok
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| Open AccessThe cerebellum regulates fear extinction through thalamo-prefrontal cortex interactions in male mice
Fear extinction is a learning process controlled by the prefrontal cortex. Here, authors show that the cerebellum regulates fear extinction via projections to the medio-dorsal thalamus and the modulation of thalamo-prefrontal cortex interactions.
- Jimena L. Frontera
- , Romain W. Sala
- & Clément Léna
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| Open AccessThe estrous cycle modulates early-life adversity effects on mouse avoidance behavior through progesterone signaling
Early-life adversity (ELA) can lead to anxiety disorders, which are more prevalent and debilitating in women than men. Here, authors reveal how ELA interacts with neurosteroid synthesis in the hippocampus to drive avoidance behavior in female mice.
- Blake J. Laham
- , Sahana S. Murthy
- & Elizabeth Gould
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| Open AccessA circuit from the ventral subiculum to anterior hypothalamic nucleus GABAergic neurons essential for anxiety-like behavioral avoidance
Anxiety is thought to be evolutionarily rooted in predator defense. Yan et al. show that GABAergic neurons in the anterior hypothalamic nucleus (AHN), a node in the predator defense network, play an essential role in anxiety-like behaviors.
- Jing-Jing Yan
- , Xiao-Jing Ding
- & Xiao-Hong Xu
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| Open AccessHippocampal astrocytes modulate anxiety-like behavior
Astrocytes affect animal behaviors by regulating the tripartite synapse. Here, the authors show that hippocampal astrocytes modulate mouse anxiety-like behavior by regulating synaptic homeostasis of dentate gyrus granule cells via ATP release.
- Woo-Hyun Cho
- , Kyungchul Noh
- & Sung Joong Lee
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| Open AccessBrainstem networks construct threat probability and prediction error from neuronal building blocks
The prevailing view of threat computation is a division of labor in which the forebrain signals threat and the brainstem organizes behavior. Using neuropixels, the authors show that brainstem neurons organize into a functional network to signal threat.
- Jasmin A. Strickland
- & Michael A. McDannald
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| Open AccessThe paraventricular thalamus provides a polysynaptic brake on limbic CRF neurons to sex-dependently blunt binge alcohol drinking and avoidance behavior in mice
Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) neurons that synthesize and release the stress neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor drive binge alcohol drinking and anxiety. The authors describe a complex feedforward inhibitory PVTVGLUT2-BNSTCRF circuit in mice that plays sex-dependent roles in alcohol drinking and avoidance behavior.
- Olivia B. Levine
- , Mary Jane Skelly
- & Kristen E. Pleil
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| Open AccessDistinct dynamics of social motivation drive differential social behavior in laboratory rat and mouse strains
Laboratory rat and mouse strains serve as animal models to explore brain mechanisms underlying social behavior. Here, the authors describe differences in social behavior between commonly used rat and mouse strains, which may reflect distinct dynamics of social motivation.
- Shai Netser
- , Ana Meyer
- & Shlomo Wagner
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| Open AccessOver-activation of primate subgenual cingulate cortex enhances the cardiovascular, behavioral and neural responses to threat
Alexander et al. causally implicate over-activity in primate subgenual cingulate in affective and cardiovascular dysfunction relevant to anxiety and depression. Over-activation led to elevated activity in a stress-related network whilst decreasing activity in higher-order prefrontal cognitive regions.
- Laith Alexander
- , Christian M. Wood
- & Angela C. Roberts
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| Open AccessA discrete serotonergic circuit regulates vulnerability to social stress
Serotonin is important in depression-like behavior. Here the authors show that dorsal raphe neurons that project to the ventral tegmental area are involved in regulating stress responses in mice.
- Wen-Jun Zou
- , Yun-Long Song
- & Tian-Ming Gao
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| Open AccessContextual fear memory retrieval by correlated ensembles of ventral CA1 neurons
The vCA1-BA projection is enriched in shock responsive neurons, which are necessary for fear memory encoding and become correlated with a network of neurons during retrieval. Here the authors show that the magnitude of vCA1 correlated activity is proportional to memory strength and requires the shock response during encoding.
- Jessica C. Jimenez
- , Jack E. Berry
- & Rene Hen
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Article
| Open AccessThe rostroventral part of the thalamic reticular nucleus modulates fear extinction
The precise role of the thalamic reticular nucleus in fear is not understood. Here, the authors report that the rostroventral part of the reticular nucleus is involved in the extinction of tone conditioned fear memory through its inhibitory projections to the dorsal midline thalamus.
- Joon-Hyuk Lee
- , Charles-Francois V. Latchoumane
- & Hee-Sup Shin
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| Open AccessThe rough sound of salience enhances aversion through neural synchronisation
Certain sounds are especially attention-grabbing and often unpleasant as well. Here, the authors show that fast but perceptible amplitude modulations in the ‘roughness range' (30–150 Hz) are temporally salient and synchronise not just brain auditory networks but also salience-related networks.
- Luc H. Arnal
- , Andreas Kleinschmidt
- & Pierre Mégevand
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| Open AccessA sexually dimorphic pre-stressed translational signature in CA3 pyramidal neurons of BDNF Val66Met mice
Animals’ response to acute stress is known to be influenced by sex and genetics. Here the authors performed RNA-seq on actively translated mRNAs in hippocampal CA3 neurons in mice, and document the effects of sex and genotype (i.e., BDNF Val66Met) on acute stress-induced gene expression.
- Jordan Marrocco
- , Gordon H. Petty
- & Bruce S. McEwen