Seismology articles within Nature Communications

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  • Article
    | Open Access

    One of the main challenges in the tsunami inundation prediction is related to the real-time computational efforts done under restrictive time constraints. Here the authors show that using machine learning-based model, we can achieve comparable accuracy to the physics-based model with ~99% computational cost reduction.

    • Iyan E. Mulia
    • , Naonori Ueda
    •  & Kenji Satake

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Juno spacecraft experienced unknown accelerations near the closest approach to Jupiter. Here, the authors show that Jupiter’s axially symmetric, north-south asymmetric gravity field measured by Juno is perturbed by a time-variable component, associated to internal oscillations.

    • Daniele Durante
    • , Tristan Guillot
    •  & Scott J. Bolton

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors introduce a new perspective to study the spatiotemporal behavior of the magnitude–frequency distribution: spatially isolating seismogenic zones to provide an appropriate scale to resolve the b-value. Among those zones, the b-value behaved remarkably throughout the 2016 central Italy sequence.

    • Marcus Herrmann
    • , Ester Piegari
    •  & Warner Marzocchi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    A new paper constrains a high-resolution ultra-low velocity zone (ULVZ) structure at the base of the Hawaiian mantle. The authors further propose this to be a chemically distinct ULVZ with increasing iron content towards the core mantle boundary.

    • Zhi Li
    • , Kuangdai Leng
    •  & Sanne Cottaar

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Metallic microsamples deform in a sequence of abrupt strain bursts. Here, the authors demonstrate by analysing the elastic waves emitted by these bursts that this intermittent process resembles earthquakes in several aspects, although on completely different spatial and temporal scales.

    • Péter Dusán Ispánovity
    • , Dávid Ugi
    •  & István Groma

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors detect 47 hitherto unreported low-frequency marsquakes originating from Cerberus Fossae at all times of the Martian day. The matched filter technique confirms repetitive events implying that the Martian mantle is dynamically active.

    • Weijia Sun
    •  & Hrvoje Tkalčić

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ultra-low velocity zones (ULVZs) are localized small-scale patches with extreme physical properties at the core-mantle boundary. Here, the authors discover a mega-sized ULVZ (1,500 × 900 km) at the northern edge of the Pacific Large Low Velocity Province.

    • Jiewen Li
    • , Daoyuan Sun
    •  & Dan J. Bower

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Earthquake breakdown energy is commonly interpreted as a proxy for fracture energy but is observed to scale with magnitude. Here the authors show that a scale-independent stress overshoot, as seen in the 3D dynamic earthquake rupture simulations, leads to comparable scaling despite constant fault fracture energy.

    • Chun-Yu Ke
    • , Gregory C. McLaskey
    •  & David S. Kammer

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The viability of earthquake early warning (EEW) in Europe is highly dependent on the magnitude of the ongoing earthquake and the ground-shaking threshold for alert issuance. The potential effectiveness of EEW is highest for Turkey, Italy, and Greece.

    • Gemma Cremen
    • , Carmine Galasso
    •  & Elisa Zuccolo

  • Article
    | Open Access

    This paper shows that faults comprised of heterogeneously distributed materials, as is typical for tectonic faults in nature, are weaker and more unstable than equivalent faults where the materials are homogeneously mixed together.

    • John D. Bedford
    • , Daniel R. Faulkner
    •  & Nadia Lapusta

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Precision measurement plays an important role in frequency metrology and optical communications. Here the authors compare two geographically separate ultrastable lasers at 7 × 10−17 fractional frequency instability over a 2220 km optical fibre link and these measurements can be useful for dissemination of ultrastable light to distant optical clocks.

    • M. Schioppo
    • , J. Kronjäger
    •  & G. Grosche

  • Article
    | Open Access

    By teaching machine learning models with earthquake fault numerical simulations laboratory fault slip is predictable. Training the model further with a snippet of laboratory data improves predictions suggesting an approach to probing faults in Earth.

    • Kun Wang
    • , Christopher W. Johnson
    •  & Paul A. Johnson

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Anomalously slow seismic velocities in the upper Greenlandic crust reveal soft sedimentary substrates beneath major outlet glaciers. This, together with elevated geothermal heat flux observed at the onset of fast ice flow, has major implications for ice-sheet dynamics.

    • G. A. Jones
    • , A. M. G. Ferreira
    •  & A. Morelli

  • Article
    | Open Access

    We invert Rayleigh wave ellipticity curves extracted from ambient seismic vibrations at the InSight landing site to resolve, for the first time on Mars, the shallow subsurface to around 200 m depth. While our seismic velocity model is largely consistent with the expected stacks of lava flows, we find a seismic low velocity zone at about 30 to 75 m depth that we interpret as a sedimentary layer sandwiched between layers of basalt flows.

    • M. Hobiger
    • , M. Hallo
    •  & W. B. Banerdt

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Deep fluids inside volcanoes disrupt the oscillations of signals produced by wind and sea. Imaging this disruption through space and time allows tracking hazardous fluid migrations leading to earthquakes before they reach the surface.

    • S. Petrosino
    •  & L. De Siena

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The nature of the lower crust and the crust-mantle transition is fundamental to Earth Sciences. Here, the authors provide evidence for long-lasting presence of lower crustal eclogite below the seismic Moho, challenging conventional models.

    • Sebastian Buntin
    • , Irina M. Artemieva
    •  & Stefan Buske

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Probabilistic tsunami forecasting (PTF) defines an approach to tsunami early warning based on uncertainty quantification, enhancing forecast accuracy and enabling rational decision making. PTF is here developed for near-source tsunami warning, and tested in hindcasting mode over a wide range of past earthquakes.

    • J. Selva
    • , S. Lorito
    •  & A. Amato

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Repetitive shallow resonances provide a pathway to unravelling episodic magma transport deep in the magma plumbing system. Episodic deformation of ~1 nanoradian over ~100 s beneath Aso volcano potentially provides a link between long-term volcanic output and short-term eruption dynamics.

    • Jieming Niu
    •  & Teh-Ru Alex Song

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Low-frequency earthquakes are a series of small earthquakes with lower dominant frequencies than ordinary earthquakes. By comparing the simulated earthquakes with the real data, we find that low-frequency earthquakes represent an earthquake rupture process that arrests spontaneously.

    • Xueting Wei
    • , Jiankuan Xu
    •  & Xiaofei Chen

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The 2013 Castor seismic sequence, offshore Spain, is a rare example of seismicity induced by gas storage operations. Here we show that early seismicity marked the progressive failure of a fault in response to pore pressure diffusion, while later larger earthquakes resulted by the failure of loaded asperities.

    • Simone Cesca
    • , Daniel Stich
    •  & William L. Ellsworth

  • Comment
    | Open Access

    A new generation of earthquake catalogs developed through supervised machine-learning illuminates earthquake activity with unprecedented detail. Application of unsupervised machine learning to analyze the more complete expression of seismicity in these catalogs may be the fastest route to improving earthquake forecasting.

    • Gregory C. Beroza
    • , Margarita Segou
    •  & S. Mostafa Mousavi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Seismic imaging of subducted plates offers a way to improve plate tectonic reconstructions. Here, Braszus et al. use new ocean-bottom seismometer data from the Lesser Antilles to locate subducted spreading centres and faults thus providing a new understanding of the evolution of the Caribbean plate.

    • Benedikt Braszus
    • , Saskia Goes
    •  & Marjorie Wilson

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Anomalously slow earthquakes play a critical role in the earthquake cycle and fault sliding. Here, the authors detect continuous seismic radiation from a glacier sliding over its bed and show persistent coastal shaking to represent an addition to the family of slow earthquakes.

    • Evgeny A. Podolskiy
    • , Yoshio Murai
    •  & Shin Sugiyama

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Models of the viscosity evolution of mantle rocks are central to analyses of postseismic deformation but constraints on underlying physical processes are lacking. Here, the authors present measurements of microscale stress heterogeneity in olivine suggesting that long-range dislocation interactions contribute to viscosity evolution.

    • David Wallis
    • , Lars N. Hansen
    •  & Ricardo A. Lebensohn

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Ordinary cracks in bulk materials feature square root singular deformation fields near their edge. Here, the authors show that rupture fronts propagating along frictional interfaces, while resembling ordinary cracks in some respects, feature edge sigularity that differs from the conventional square root one.

    • Efim A. Brener
    •  & Eran Bouchbinder

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Laboratory experiments reproducing earthquake slip in non cohesive fault rocks under fluid pressurised conditions are challenging. Thanks to these experiments, the authors show that earthquake slip occurring in tsunamigenic subduction zone faults is controlled by dilatancy and pressurisation processes.

    • S. Aretusini
    • , F. Meneghini
    •  & G. Di Toro

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors here study the origin of seismic Love waves induced by ocean waves. The study finds Love waves to originate along steep bathymetry and underlying geological interfaces, particularly sedimentary basins, yielding spatio-temporal information about ocean-land coupling in deep water.

    • Florian Le Pape
    • , David Craig
    •  & Christopher J. Bean

  • Article
    | Open Access

    This study shows how seismic and aseismic events are related in Mexico between 2017 and 2019. Based on a series of observations and models, the study suggests that the Mw 8.2 intraslab earthquake of 8 September 2017 severely altered the mechanical properties of the plate interface, facilitating the interaction between the events and disrupting the slow slip cycles at a regional scale.

    • V. M. Cruz-Atienza
    • , J. Tago
    •  & E. Kazachkina

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors locate the maximum seismic energy imprint and lateral extent of the seismic sources generated by Typhoon Ioke. Based on this data set, they present a new tool to shed light on the generation mechanism of secondary microseisms body waves.

    • Lise Retailleau
    •  & Lucia Gualtieri

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors here present a deep learning method to determine the source focal mechanism of earthquakes in realtime. They trained their network with approximately 800k synthetic samples and managed to successfully estimate the focal mechanism of four 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes with magnitudes larger than Mw 5.4.

    • Wenhuan Kuang
    • , Congcong Yuan
    •  & Jie Zhang

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors here present geodetic and seismic data for a complete eruptive cycle (2005-2018) for Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos Island. The data shows the largest pre-eruptive inflation (6.5 m) and rates of seismicity ever observed before a basaltic eruption and provides a rare illustration of caldera resurgence mechanisms.

    • Andrew F. Bell
    • , Peter C. La Femina
    •  & Michael J. Stock

  • Article
    | Open Access

    The authors here investigate the stiffness reduction of solid geomaterials during earthquakes via combining field, experimental and numerical data. The study shows multiple metastable contacts at small surface separations below a few diameters of a water molecule due to the oscillatory hydration interaction.

    • Su-Yang Wang
    • , Hai-Yang Zhuang
    •  & Yu Miao

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